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<p>Conventional superconductors disfavor ferromagnetism because the supercurrent-carrying electrons are paired into anti-parallel spin singlets. Consequently, ferromagnetic coupling between localized moments through the charge carriers is absent in <i>s</i>-wave superconductors. However, Rashba-type spin-orbit coupling (SOC) can profoundly alter the interaction between the charge carriers and localized spins. Here, we report long-range ferromagnetic order among the impurity moments on the surface of an <i>s</i>-wave SOC superconductor, Fe(Se, Te). We employ scanning superconducting quantum interference device microscopy and find suppressed vortex states but spontaneous magnetic domains in the superconducting state. Homogeneous remanent flux patterns are induced by applying supercurrents through the sample. The patterns are consistent with anomalous edge and bulk supercurrents generated by long-range in-plane magnetization related to the magneto-electric effect intrinsic to a Rashba superconductor. The anomalous supercurrents occur above a bias current threshold and follow hysteresis loops reminiscent of those of a ferromagnet. Surprisingly, the magnetic switching (super)current density is three orders of magnitude less than that in a ferromagnetic metal with SOC. These observations suggest an emergent ferromagnetic impurity state in a Rashba superconductor, which can be controlled by applying supercurrents.</p>

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Supercurrent-controlled spontaneous ferromagnetism of magnetic impurities in a spin-orbit-coupled superconductor

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月21日

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  • Bingke Xiang,
  • Qiushi He,
  • Yishi Lin,
  • Keyi Liang,
  • Zhijie Li,
  • Jinjiang Zhu,
  • Boren Chen,
  • Youfang Wang,
  • Puhua Zhang,
  • Hongxu Yao,
  • Chunxiang Wu,
  • Tingyu Zhou,
  • Minghu Fang,
  • Yao Lu,
  • Ilya Tokatly,
  • Sebastian Bergeret,
  • Yihua Wang

摘要

Conventional superconductors disfavor ferromagnetism because the supercurrent-carrying electrons are paired into anti-parallel spin singlets. Consequently, ferromagnetic coupling between localized moments through the charge carriers is absent in s-wave superconductors. However, Rashba-type spin-orbit coupling (SOC) can profoundly alter the interaction between the charge carriers and localized spins. Here, we report long-range ferromagnetic order among the impurity moments on the surface of an s-wave SOC superconductor, Fe(Se, Te). We employ scanning superconducting quantum interference device microscopy and find suppressed vortex states but spontaneous magnetic domains in the superconducting state. Homogeneous remanent flux patterns are induced by applying supercurrents through the sample. The patterns are consistent with anomalous edge and bulk supercurrents generated by long-range in-plane magnetization related to the magneto-electric effect intrinsic to a Rashba superconductor. The anomalous supercurrents occur above a bias current threshold and follow hysteresis loops reminiscent of those of a ferromagnet. Surprisingly, the magnetic switching (super)current density is three orders of magnitude less than that in a ferromagnetic metal with SOC. These observations suggest an emergent ferromagnetic impurity state in a Rashba superconductor, which can be controlled by applying supercurrents.