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<p>Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides or nitrides (MXenes), represented by Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>, exhibit exceptional mechanical and electrical properties, making them ideal candidates in aerospace, structural membranes, and flexible electronics. Understanding the mechanical properties of 2D Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> under various load conditions is crucial for ensuring structural integrity and performance reliability. Here, we conduct direct in-situ shear test of monolayer Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> nanosheets using a push-to-shear strategy under the scanning electron microscope. Contrary to the expected ultra-low shear performance and wrinkle instability of 2D materials, we report a high in-plane shear modulus of 0.279 ± 0.007 TPa for single-crystal monolayer Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub>, along with stable wrinkle resistance. Additionally, the monolayer Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> exhibits a shear strength as high as ~18.6 GPa and an average shear strain of ~8.6%. This work provides direct measurement of the intrinsic shear properties of monolayer Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> and highlights the promising potential of Ti<sub>3</sub>C<sub>2</sub>T<sub>x</sub> in maintaining device performance and reliability.</p>

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Shear properties and stable wrinkle resistance in 2D Ti3C2Tx MXene monolayers

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月13日

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  • Chao Rong,
  • Ting Su,
  • Tianhao Yu,
  • Xiaoyuan Wang,
  • Tianshu Chu,
  • Mingliang Zhu,
  • Yabin Yan,
  • Bowei Zhang,
  • Fu-Zhen Xuan

摘要

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal carbides or nitrides (MXenes), represented by Ti3C2Tx, exhibit exceptional mechanical and electrical properties, making them ideal candidates in aerospace, structural membranes, and flexible electronics. Understanding the mechanical properties of 2D Ti3C2Tx under various load conditions is crucial for ensuring structural integrity and performance reliability. Here, we conduct direct in-situ shear test of monolayer Ti3C2Tx nanosheets using a push-to-shear strategy under the scanning electron microscope. Contrary to the expected ultra-low shear performance and wrinkle instability of 2D materials, we report a high in-plane shear modulus of 0.279 ± 0.007 TPa for single-crystal monolayer Ti3C2Tx, along with stable wrinkle resistance. Additionally, the monolayer Ti3C2Tx exhibits a shear strength as high as ~18.6 GPa and an average shear strain of ~8.6%. This work provides direct measurement of the intrinsic shear properties of monolayer Ti3C2Tx and highlights the promising potential of Ti3C2Tx in maintaining device performance and reliability.