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<p>Segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) describe morphologically similar gut commensals found in mammals, fish and birds. In mice, SFB intimately colonizes the ileal epithelium at the time of weaning and elicits a strong pleiotropic immune activation that fosters colonization resistance while augmenting disease severity in various disease models. SFB is therefore critical in both health and disease but information regarding SFB in humans remains limited. Here, we first identify and characterize a human SFB species with SFB-specific morphology, including the hook-like tip structure that mediates attachment, and unique genome features, including a starch and glycogen degradation module. This species, which we name Anisomitus miae and establish as the nomenclature type for the SFB genus, is within a SFB lineage common across Africa. We then bioinformatically identify, based on the 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 variable region sequence, four major, and two minor, human SFB lineages in forty-four countries distributed across all six inhabited continents. We provide evidence towards the co-colonization potential of the SFB lineages and their colonization dynamics, including a potent but short-lived colonization peak in children between one to five years of age. This study establishes the presence of multiple SFB species in the human population and SFB as a minor but wide-spread group of commensals in humans.</p>

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Segmented filamentous bacteria are worldwide human gut commensals

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月5日

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  • Shashi Kiran,
  • Ana Raquel Cruz,
  • Alice Daniau,
  • Bing Ma,
  • Martial Marbouty,
  • Juliana Pipoli Da Fonseca,
  • Agnès Legrand,
  • Lyam Baudry,
  • Thomas Cokelaer,
  • Matthieu Bensussan,
  • Maryse Moya-Nilges,
  • Julian Garneau,
  • Marc Monot,
  • John B. Ochieng,
  • Martin Antonio,
  • Boubou Tamboura,
  • Willem M. de Vos,
  • Anne Salonen,
  • Jahangir Hossain,
  • Richard Omore,
  • Samba O. Sow,
  • Philippe J. Sansonetti,
  • Jacques Ravel,
  • Nadine Cerf-Bensussan,
  • Pamela Schnupf

摘要

Segmented filamentous bacteria (SFB) describe morphologically similar gut commensals found in mammals, fish and birds. In mice, SFB intimately colonizes the ileal epithelium at the time of weaning and elicits a strong pleiotropic immune activation that fosters colonization resistance while augmenting disease severity in various disease models. SFB is therefore critical in both health and disease but information regarding SFB in humans remains limited. Here, we first identify and characterize a human SFB species with SFB-specific morphology, including the hook-like tip structure that mediates attachment, and unique genome features, including a starch and glycogen degradation module. This species, which we name Anisomitus miae and establish as the nomenclature type for the SFB genus, is within a SFB lineage common across Africa. We then bioinformatically identify, based on the 16S rRNA gene V3-V4 variable region sequence, four major, and two minor, human SFB lineages in forty-four countries distributed across all six inhabited continents. We provide evidence towards the co-colonization potential of the SFB lineages and their colonization dynamics, including a potent but short-lived colonization peak in children between one to five years of age. This study establishes the presence of multiple SFB species in the human population and SFB as a minor but wide-spread group of commensals in humans.