<p>Electrochemical hydrogenation of quinoxaline presents a promising alternative to traditional methods, yet is suffering from low current density and Faradaic efficiency due to the hampered hydrogenation process. Herein, we develop a cocatalytic system of Ru single atoms doped Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> nanosheet (Ru<sub>SA</sub>/ns-Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub>) to optimize the interfacial H<sub>2</sub>O behavior by tuning the Ru single atoms concentration for accelerating the electrochemical hydrogenation of quinoxaline, which enables remarkable Faradaic efficiency of 82% toward 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline at high current density of 200 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>. Detailed experimental and theoretical studies reveal that Ru single atoms trigger interfacial charge redistribution, inducing an asymmetric local electric field that reconstructs interfacial H<sub>2</sub>O molecules into an H-down configuration. This reorientation remodels the hydrogen-bonded water network, shortens the distance between hydrogen atoms and the Co<sub>3</sub>O<sub>4</sub> surface, regulates K•H<sub>2</sub>O availability, and enhances H<sub>2</sub>O dissociation to supply H*. Consequently, the membrane electrode assembly electrolyser exhibits a long-term stability of &gt;100 h at 200 mA cm<sup>-2</sup>. Our findings highlight the prospect of interfacial water microenvironment for electrochemical hydrogenation of unsaturated N-heterocyclic compounds, with promising applications for the electrosynthesis of other valuable chemicals.</p>

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Interfacial water regulation on Ru single atoms doped Co3O4 toward efficient electrochemical hydrogenation of quinoxaline

  • Linghu Meng,
  • Tian-yi Dai,
  • Jilong Li,
  • Chengjin Dong,
  • Fengyan Wang,
  • Ming Peng,
  • Qing Jiang,
  • Tong-hui Wang,
  • Yongwen Tan

摘要

Electrochemical hydrogenation of quinoxaline presents a promising alternative to traditional methods, yet is suffering from low current density and Faradaic efficiency due to the hampered hydrogenation process. Herein, we develop a cocatalytic system of Ru single atoms doped Co3O4 nanosheet (RuSA/ns-Co3O4) to optimize the interfacial H2O behavior by tuning the Ru single atoms concentration for accelerating the electrochemical hydrogenation of quinoxaline, which enables remarkable Faradaic efficiency of 82% toward 1,2,3,4-tetrahydroquinoxaline at high current density of 200 mA cm-2. Detailed experimental and theoretical studies reveal that Ru single atoms trigger interfacial charge redistribution, inducing an asymmetric local electric field that reconstructs interfacial H2O molecules into an H-down configuration. This reorientation remodels the hydrogen-bonded water network, shortens the distance between hydrogen atoms and the Co3O4 surface, regulates K•H2O availability, and enhances H2O dissociation to supply H*. Consequently, the membrane electrode assembly electrolyser exhibits a long-term stability of >100 h at 200 mA cm-2. Our findings highlight the prospect of interfacial water microenvironment for electrochemical hydrogenation of unsaturated N-heterocyclic compounds, with promising applications for the electrosynthesis of other valuable chemicals.