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<p>Replacing volatile methylammonium (MA<sup>+</sup>) with formamidinium (FA<sup>+</sup>) or cesium (Cs<sup>+</sup>) cations in mixed Pb-Sn perovskite compositions improves thermal resilience. Nevertheless, the low-solubility Cs-based perovskite tends to preferentially crystallize into a dense Cs-rich surface layer during the AS-assisted crystallization process, which impedes the AS to extract the internal solvent. Here, we introduce a multi-Lewis-base modulator to maintain sustained solvent-extraction channels (SSC) open throughout the AS process, thereby homogenizing MA-free mixed Pb-Sn perovskite crystallization in depth. This approach yielded a PCE of 22.7% in FACs Pb-Sn perovskite solar cells. We fabricated monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar cell with a high PCE of 29.2% (certified PCE of 29.2%), which is the highest certified PCE for MA-free all-perovskite TSCs. The unencapsulated FACs-based mixed Pb-Sn perovskite solar cell remained over 80% of its initial PCE after 800 h of aging at 85 °C. This strategy enables the simultaneous realization of high-performance and thermal stability.</p>

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Homogeneous crystallization via sustained solvent-extraction channels for methylammonium-free all-perovskite tandem solar cells

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月5日

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  • Yijia Guo,
  • Mengran Yin,
  • Han Gao,
  • Wennan Ou,
  • Pu Wu,
  • Chenshuaiyu Liu,
  • Siyu Xia,
  • Xuntian Zheng,
  • Haowen Luo,
  • Jiajia Hong,
  • Jinyan Guo,
  • Enzuo Wang,
  • Jie Wen,
  • Runnan Liu,
  • Dong Zhou,
  • Lu Zhao,
  • Zhi Li,
  • Jinhuo Liu,
  • Jin Xie,
  • Ludong Li,
  • Renxing Lin,
  • Hairen Tan

摘要

Replacing volatile methylammonium (MA+) with formamidinium (FA+) or cesium (Cs+) cations in mixed Pb-Sn perovskite compositions improves thermal resilience. Nevertheless, the low-solubility Cs-based perovskite tends to preferentially crystallize into a dense Cs-rich surface layer during the AS-assisted crystallization process, which impedes the AS to extract the internal solvent. Here, we introduce a multi-Lewis-base modulator to maintain sustained solvent-extraction channels (SSC) open throughout the AS process, thereby homogenizing MA-free mixed Pb-Sn perovskite crystallization in depth. This approach yielded a PCE of 22.7% in FACs Pb-Sn perovskite solar cells. We fabricated monolithic all-perovskite tandem solar cell with a high PCE of 29.2% (certified PCE of 29.2%), which is the highest certified PCE for MA-free all-perovskite TSCs. The unencapsulated FACs-based mixed Pb-Sn perovskite solar cell remained over 80% of its initial PCE after 800 h of aging at 85 °C. This strategy enables the simultaneous realization of high-performance and thermal stability.