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<p>Tandem upcycling presents a promising approach to converting plastic waste into valuable chemicals. Controlling the chain length distribution (CLD) of hydrocarbons in plastic degradation is crucial for the downstream synthesis of high-quality and high-value functional chemicals. However, controlling the CLD remains a significant challenge due to the high randomness and poor regulation of polymer chain scission. Herein, we introduce a fractionated degradation approach to tune the CLD of hydrocarbons derived from polypropylene (PP) degradation, thereby facilitating effective downstream valorization. By designing a fractionated degradation reactor that manipulates latent heat, we achieve size-selective degradation of PP into C<sub>6</sub>-C<sub>15</sub> and C<sub>15</sub>-C<sub>28</sub> α-alkenes with narrower and more tunable CLDs compared to traditional methods. Modeling and ASPEN simulations reveal a quasi-linear relationship between chain length and fraction temperatures, as well as a positive correlation between CLD and number of fractions. Scale-up experiments with 10 kg of real-life PP waste validate the effectiveness of the fractionated degradation. The PP-derived α-alkenes with narrow CLDs exhibit superior performance in sulfonation, resulting in foaming, detergency, and biodegradability, comparable to commercial sulfonate surfactants. Techno-economic and life cycle analyses demonstrate improved economic and ecological benefits of PP-to-surfactant upcycling over existing petrochemical-based methods.</p>

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Fractionated degradation and valorization of polypropylene waste into sulfonate surfactants

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年11月25日

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  • Zhen Xu,
  • Yang Zhang,
  • Tao Wang,
  • Rong Yang,
  • Hao Sun,
  • Meiling Chen,
  • Feng Liu,
  • Jianjun Xu,
  • Kai-Jie Chen,
  • Qikun Zhang,
  • Fuping Pan

摘要

Tandem upcycling presents a promising approach to converting plastic waste into valuable chemicals. Controlling the chain length distribution (CLD) of hydrocarbons in plastic degradation is crucial for the downstream synthesis of high-quality and high-value functional chemicals. However, controlling the CLD remains a significant challenge due to the high randomness and poor regulation of polymer chain scission. Herein, we introduce a fractionated degradation approach to tune the CLD of hydrocarbons derived from polypropylene (PP) degradation, thereby facilitating effective downstream valorization. By designing a fractionated degradation reactor that manipulates latent heat, we achieve size-selective degradation of PP into C6-C15 and C15-C28 α-alkenes with narrower and more tunable CLDs compared to traditional methods. Modeling and ASPEN simulations reveal a quasi-linear relationship between chain length and fraction temperatures, as well as a positive correlation between CLD and number of fractions. Scale-up experiments with 10 kg of real-life PP waste validate the effectiveness of the fractionated degradation. The PP-derived α-alkenes with narrow CLDs exhibit superior performance in sulfonation, resulting in foaming, detergency, and biodegradability, comparable to commercial sulfonate surfactants. Techno-economic and life cycle analyses demonstrate improved economic and ecological benefits of PP-to-surfactant upcycling over existing petrochemical-based methods.