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<p>The ocean’s biological carbon pump (BCP) plays a crucial role in climate regulation by facilitating long-term removal of atmospheric CO<sub>2</sub>. However, BCP changes during past hyperthermals remain poorly understood. Here we use the vertical carbon isotope (δ<sup>13</sup>C) gradients between surface and mid-waters to trace the BCP changes during the Permian−Triassic, early Toarcian, and Palaeocene−Eocene hyperthermals, detecting a two- to three-fold increase in the vertical δ<sup>13</sup>C gradients. We found that enhanced organic matter remineralization, driven by increased microbial respiration under warming, are the primary trigger for increased vertical δ<sup>13</sup>C gradients. Warming-induced enhancements in microbial metabolism caused a two- to six-fold reduction in the transfer efficiency of particulate organic carbon from the surface to the deep ocean during the three hyperthermals, potentially reducing carbon sequestration in the deeper ocean interior. This implies that the warming-induced enhancement of microbial metabolism may have amplified global warming during ancient hyperthermals via a positive feedback mechanism.</p>

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Microbial metabolism amplified warming in three Phanerozoic hyperthermal events

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年12月12日

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  • Yuyang Wu,
  • Haijun Song,
  • Daoliang Chu,
  • Ying Cui,
  • Jacopo Dal Corso,
  • Genming Luo,
  • Huyue Song,
  • Li Tian,
  • Hanchen Song,
  • Enhao Jia,
  • Jinnan Tong

摘要

The ocean’s biological carbon pump (BCP) plays a crucial role in climate regulation by facilitating long-term removal of atmospheric CO2. However, BCP changes during past hyperthermals remain poorly understood. Here we use the vertical carbon isotope (δ13C) gradients between surface and mid-waters to trace the BCP changes during the Permian−Triassic, early Toarcian, and Palaeocene−Eocene hyperthermals, detecting a two- to three-fold increase in the vertical δ13C gradients. We found that enhanced organic matter remineralization, driven by increased microbial respiration under warming, are the primary trigger for increased vertical δ13C gradients. Warming-induced enhancements in microbial metabolism caused a two- to six-fold reduction in the transfer efficiency of particulate organic carbon from the surface to the deep ocean during the three hyperthermals, potentially reducing carbon sequestration in the deeper ocean interior. This implies that the warming-induced enhancement of microbial metabolism may have amplified global warming during ancient hyperthermals via a positive feedback mechanism.