<p>Nuclear clearance and cytoplasmic aggregation of TDP-43, initially identified in ALS-FTD, are hallmark pathological features observed across a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases. We previously found that TDP-43 loss-of-function leads to transcriptome-wide inclusion of deleterious cryptic exons, a signature detected in presymptomatic biofluids and postmortem ALS-FTD brain tissue, but the upstream mechanisms that lead to TDP-43 dysregulation remain unclear. Here, we developed a web-based resource (SnapMine) to determine the levels of TDP-43 cryptic exon inclusion across hundreds of thousands of publicly available RNA sequencing datasets. We established cryptic exon inclusion levels across a variety of human cells and tissues to provide ground truth references for future studies on TDP-43 dysregulation. We then explored studies that were entirely unrelated to TDP-43 or neurodegeneration and found that ciclopirox olamine (CPX), an FDA-approved antifungal, can trigger the inclusion of TDP-43-associated cryptic exons in a variety of mouse and human primary cells. CPX induction of cryptic exons arises from heavy metal toxicity and oxidative stress, suggesting that similar vulnerabilities could play a role in neurodegeneration. Our work demonstrates how diverse datasets can be linked through common biological features and underscores how public archives of sequencing data remain a vastly underutilized resource with tremendous potential for uncovering novel insights into complex biological mechanisms and diseases.</p>

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Large-scale RNA-Seq mining reveals ciclopirox olamine induces TDP-43 cryptic exons

  • Irika R. Sinha,
  • Parker S. Sandal,
  • Holly Spence,
  • Grace D. Burns,
  • Aswathy Peethambaran Mallika,
  • Fatemeh Abbasinejad,
  • Katherine E. Irwin,
  • Anna Lourdes F. Cruz,
  • Vania Wang,
  • Shaelyn R. Marx,
  • Josué Llamas Rodríguez,
  • Ben Langmead,
  • Jenna M. Gregory,
  • Philip C. Wong,
  • Jonathan P. Ling

摘要

Nuclear clearance and cytoplasmic aggregation of TDP-43, initially identified in ALS-FTD, are hallmark pathological features observed across a spectrum of neurodegenerative diseases. We previously found that TDP-43 loss-of-function leads to transcriptome-wide inclusion of deleterious cryptic exons, a signature detected in presymptomatic biofluids and postmortem ALS-FTD brain tissue, but the upstream mechanisms that lead to TDP-43 dysregulation remain unclear. Here, we developed a web-based resource (SnapMine) to determine the levels of TDP-43 cryptic exon inclusion across hundreds of thousands of publicly available RNA sequencing datasets. We established cryptic exon inclusion levels across a variety of human cells and tissues to provide ground truth references for future studies on TDP-43 dysregulation. We then explored studies that were entirely unrelated to TDP-43 or neurodegeneration and found that ciclopirox olamine (CPX), an FDA-approved antifungal, can trigger the inclusion of TDP-43-associated cryptic exons in a variety of mouse and human primary cells. CPX induction of cryptic exons arises from heavy metal toxicity and oxidative stress, suggesting that similar vulnerabilities could play a role in neurodegeneration. Our work demonstrates how diverse datasets can be linked through common biological features and underscores how public archives of sequencing data remain a vastly underutilized resource with tremendous potential for uncovering novel insights into complex biological mechanisms and diseases.