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<p>Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encodes for the EBNA-1<sub>381-452</sub> region that induces autoreactive antibody responses, which are likely critically involved in MS pathogenesis. Here we investigate whether these EBNA-1<sub>381-452</sub>-specific antibodies can serve as a biomarker to identify at-risk individuals for MS. We quantify EBNA-1<sub>381-452</sub>-specific antibody titers from 324 relapsing-remitting MS patients and 324 matched controls in longitudinal follow-up plasma samples, starting from the individual’s EBV-seroconversion. In MS patients, significantly elevated EBNA-1<sub>381-452</sub>-specific IgG titers are identified that are increased already as early as nine months after EBV-seroconversion (OR:5.7; 95% CI: 4.1-8.1; <i>P</i> &lt; 0.0001) and a median 5.4 years prior to MS diagnosis. Especially, the presence of continuously high EBNA-1<sub>381-452</sub>-specific antibody titers is associated with a more rapid MS diagnosis after EBV-seroconversion (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.0001). Thus, the quantification of EBNA-1<sub>381-452</sub>-specific IgG antibody levels may provide a prognostic biomarker to determine the individual’s risk for the diagnosis of MS.</p>

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Early identification of individuals at risk for multiple sclerosis by quantification of EBNA-1381-452-specific antibody titers

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月14日

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  • Hannes Vietzen,
  • Laura M. Kühner,
  • Sarah M. Berger,
  • Markus Ponleitner,
  • Marianne Graninger,
  • Charlotte Pistorius,
  • Christof Jungbauer,
  • Markus Reindl,
  • Henrieke Saucke,
  • Franziska Kauth,
  • Eva-Maria Wendel,
  • Kevin Rostásy,
  • Markus Breu,
  • Barbara Kornek,
  • Gabriel Bsteh,
  • Thomas Berger,
  • Paulus Rommer,
  • Elisabeth Puchhammer-Stöckl

摘要

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an immune-mediated demyelinating disease. Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) encodes for the EBNA-1381-452 region that induces autoreactive antibody responses, which are likely critically involved in MS pathogenesis. Here we investigate whether these EBNA-1381-452-specific antibodies can serve as a biomarker to identify at-risk individuals for MS. We quantify EBNA-1381-452-specific antibody titers from 324 relapsing-remitting MS patients and 324 matched controls in longitudinal follow-up plasma samples, starting from the individual’s EBV-seroconversion. In MS patients, significantly elevated EBNA-1381-452-specific IgG titers are identified that are increased already as early as nine months after EBV-seroconversion (OR:5.7; 95% CI: 4.1-8.1; P < 0.0001) and a median 5.4 years prior to MS diagnosis. Especially, the presence of continuously high EBNA-1381-452-specific antibody titers is associated with a more rapid MS diagnosis after EBV-seroconversion (P < 0.0001). Thus, the quantification of EBNA-1381-452-specific IgG antibody levels may provide a prognostic biomarker to determine the individual’s risk for the diagnosis of MS.