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<p>Targeted mutagenesis systems are critical for protein evolution. Current deaminase-T7 RNA polymerase fusion systems enable gene-specific mutagenesis but remain limited to certain model organisms. Here, we develop an orthogonal transcription mutation system for in vivo hypermutation in both non-model organism <i>Halomonas bluephagenesis</i> and <i>E. coli</i>, achieving &gt;1,500,000-fold increased mutation rates. By fusing deaminases with three phage RNA polymerases, this system uniformly introduces C:G to T:A and A:T to G:C mutations across target genes. The system demonstrates high specificity, minimal off-target effects, and high orthogonality between phage polymerases. We apply this system to rapidly evolve fluorescent proteins, chromoproteins, cytoskeletal proteins, cell division-related proteins, global sigma factor, and the LysE exporter within a single day of the mutagenesis process. Overall, the orthogonal transcription mutation system is a modular and versatile platform that accelerates protein evolution in the shortest period reported so far.</p>

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An orthogonal transcription mutation system generating all transition mutations for accelerated protein evolution in vivo

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月1日

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  • Mingwei Shao,
  • Zhongnan Zhang,
  • Xiaofan Jin,
  • Jun Ding,
  • Guo-Qiang Chen

摘要

Targeted mutagenesis systems are critical for protein evolution. Current deaminase-T7 RNA polymerase fusion systems enable gene-specific mutagenesis but remain limited to certain model organisms. Here, we develop an orthogonal transcription mutation system for in vivo hypermutation in both non-model organism Halomonas bluephagenesis and E. coli, achieving >1,500,000-fold increased mutation rates. By fusing deaminases with three phage RNA polymerases, this system uniformly introduces C:G to T:A and A:T to G:C mutations across target genes. The system demonstrates high specificity, minimal off-target effects, and high orthogonality between phage polymerases. We apply this system to rapidly evolve fluorescent proteins, chromoproteins, cytoskeletal proteins, cell division-related proteins, global sigma factor, and the LysE exporter within a single day of the mutagenesis process. Overall, the orthogonal transcription mutation system is a modular and versatile platform that accelerates protein evolution in the shortest period reported so far.