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<p>The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses, responsible for the current outbreak in dairy cows in the United States, pose a significant animal and public health threat. In this study, we compare disease progression and pathology of three recent clade 2.3.4.4b isolates derived from a cow, a mountain lion, and a mink to a human HPAI A(H5N1) isolate from Vietnam in mice. Inoculating C57BL/6J and BALB/c mice with all four HPAI A(H5N1) isolates results in comparable levels of virus replication in the lung inducing significant local pro-inflammatory cytokine responses and severe respiratory disease. Infecting C57BL/6J mice with the bovine isolate yields high viral titers in the brain, a significant pro-inflammatory cytokine response and neurologic disease. Our findings suggest the recent bovine isolate possesses enhanced neuroinvasive/neurovirulent disease causing fatal respiratory and neurologic disease in C57BL/6J mice.</p>

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Highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b genotype B3.13 is highly virulent for mice, rapidly causing acute pulmonary and neurologic disease

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月1日

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  • Thomas Tipih,
  • Vignesh Mariappan,
  • Kwe C. Yinda,
  • Kimberly Meade-White,
  • Matthew Lewis,
  • Atsushi Okumura,
  • Natalie McCarthy,
  • Ekaterina Altynova,
  • Shanna S. Leventhal,
  • Trenton Bushmaker,
  • Chad S. Clancy,
  • Emmie de Wit,
  • Vincent J. Munster,
  • Heinz Feldmann,
  • Kyle Rosenke

摘要

The highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses, responsible for the current outbreak in dairy cows in the United States, pose a significant animal and public health threat. In this study, we compare disease progression and pathology of three recent clade 2.3.4.4b isolates derived from a cow, a mountain lion, and a mink to a human HPAI A(H5N1) isolate from Vietnam in mice. Inoculating C57BL/6J and BALB/c mice with all four HPAI A(H5N1) isolates results in comparable levels of virus replication in the lung inducing significant local pro-inflammatory cytokine responses and severe respiratory disease. Infecting C57BL/6J mice with the bovine isolate yields high viral titers in the brain, a significant pro-inflammatory cytokine response and neurologic disease. Our findings suggest the recent bovine isolate possesses enhanced neuroinvasive/neurovirulent disease causing fatal respiratory and neurologic disease in C57BL/6J mice.