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<p><i>Marchantia polymorpha</i> reproduces vegetatively (asexually) by producing propagules known as gemmae within gemma cups and sexually through spores. We previously reported that KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE2 (KAI2)-dependent signaling promotes gemma cup and gemma formation. KAI2A perceives unidentified endogenous ligand(s), tentatively referred to as KAI2 ligands (KL). Perception of KL by KAI2 triggers MORE AXILLARY GROWTH2 (MAX2)-dependent proteolysis of MpSUPPRESSOR of MORE AXILLALRY GROWTH2 1-LIKE (MpSMXL). In this study, we identify genes working downstream of KAI2-dependent signaling in <i>M. polymorpha</i>. We find that KAI2-dependent signaling positively controls the expression of Mp<i>LONELY GUY</i> (Mp<i>LOG</i>), encoding a cytokinin biosynthesis enzyme. Disruption of the Mp<i>LOG</i> function decreases endogenous cytokinin levels and causes defects similar to KAI2-dependent signaling mutants. Moreover, supplying exogenous cytokinins rescues the defects of Mp<i>log</i> and KAI2-dependent signaling mutants, implying that cytokinins work downstream of KAI2-dependent signaling. Activation of Mp<i>LOG</i> by KAI2-dependent signaling occurs in a highly cell-type-specific manner, leading to cell-specific induction of <i>GEMMA CUP-ASSOCIATED MYB1</i> (<i>GCAM1</i>), the master regulator of vegetative reproduction of <i>M. polymorpha</i>. We propose a genetic cascade, starting from KAI2-dependent signaling, that promotes vegetative reproduction through the induction of Mp<i>LOG</i> and <i>GCAM1</i>. The interaction between KAI2-dependent signaling and cytokinin in <i>M. polymorpha</i> provides insights into the function and evolution of KAI2-dependent signaling.</p>

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KAI2-dependent signaling controls vegetative reproduction in Marchantia polymorpha through activation of LOG-mediated cytokinin synthesis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月1日

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  • Aino Komatsu,
  • Mizuki Fujibayashi,
  • Kazato Kumagai,
  • Hidemasa Suzuki,
  • Yuki Hata,
  • Yumiko Takebayashi,
  • Mikiko Kojima,
  • Hitoshi Sakakibara,
  • Junko Kyozuka

摘要

Marchantia polymorpha reproduces vegetatively (asexually) by producing propagules known as gemmae within gemma cups and sexually through spores. We previously reported that KARRIKIN INSENSITIVE2 (KAI2)-dependent signaling promotes gemma cup and gemma formation. KAI2A perceives unidentified endogenous ligand(s), tentatively referred to as KAI2 ligands (KL). Perception of KL by KAI2 triggers MORE AXILLARY GROWTH2 (MAX2)-dependent proteolysis of MpSUPPRESSOR of MORE AXILLALRY GROWTH2 1-LIKE (MpSMXL). In this study, we identify genes working downstream of KAI2-dependent signaling in M. polymorpha. We find that KAI2-dependent signaling positively controls the expression of MpLONELY GUY (MpLOG), encoding a cytokinin biosynthesis enzyme. Disruption of the MpLOG function decreases endogenous cytokinin levels and causes defects similar to KAI2-dependent signaling mutants. Moreover, supplying exogenous cytokinins rescues the defects of Mplog and KAI2-dependent signaling mutants, implying that cytokinins work downstream of KAI2-dependent signaling. Activation of MpLOG by KAI2-dependent signaling occurs in a highly cell-type-specific manner, leading to cell-specific induction of GEMMA CUP-ASSOCIATED MYB1 (GCAM1), the master regulator of vegetative reproduction of M. polymorpha. We propose a genetic cascade, starting from KAI2-dependent signaling, that promotes vegetative reproduction through the induction of MpLOG and GCAM1. The interaction between KAI2-dependent signaling and cytokinin in M. polymorpha provides insights into the function and evolution of KAI2-dependent signaling.