<p>Metal anodes hold significant promise for next-generation energy storage, yet achieving highly reversible plating/stripping remains challenging due to dendrite formation and side reactions. Here we present a tailored electrolyte design to surpass 99.9% Coulombic efficiency (CE) in zinc metal anodes by co-engineering salts and solvents to address two critical factors: plating morphology and the anode-electrolyte interface. By integrating a dual-salt approach and organic co-solvent design, these issues can be effectively addressed. The resulting hybrid dual-salt electrolyte renders CE of 99.95% at 1 mA cm<sup>−2</sup> at a medium concentration (3.5 m). Building upon the near-unity CE, an anode-free cell with ZnI<sub>2</sub> cathode can stably run more than 1000 cycles under practical conditions with minimal capacity loss. Our findings provide a promising pathway for the design of reversible metal anodes, advancing metal-based battery technologies for broader energy storage applications.</p>

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Electrolyte design for reversible zinc metal chemistry

  • Bao Zhang,
  • Jia Yao,
  • Chao Wu,
  • Yuanjian Li,
  • Jia Liu,
  • Jiaqi Wang,
  • Tao Xiao,
  • Tao Zhang,
  • Daqian Cai,
  • Jiawen Wu,
  • Zhi Wei Seh,
  • Shibo Xi,
  • Hao Wang,
  • Wei Sun,
  • Houzhao Wan,
  • Hong Jin Fan

摘要

Metal anodes hold significant promise for next-generation energy storage, yet achieving highly reversible plating/stripping remains challenging due to dendrite formation and side reactions. Here we present a tailored electrolyte design to surpass 99.9% Coulombic efficiency (CE) in zinc metal anodes by co-engineering salts and solvents to address two critical factors: plating morphology and the anode-electrolyte interface. By integrating a dual-salt approach and organic co-solvent design, these issues can be effectively addressed. The resulting hybrid dual-salt electrolyte renders CE of 99.95% at 1 mA cm−2 at a medium concentration (3.5 m). Building upon the near-unity CE, an anode-free cell with ZnI2 cathode can stably run more than 1000 cycles under practical conditions with minimal capacity loss. Our findings provide a promising pathway for the design of reversible metal anodes, advancing metal-based battery technologies for broader energy storage applications.