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<p>The “omnigenic” hypothesis postulates that the polygenic effects of common variants on a typical complex trait coalesce on relatively few core genes through <i>trans</i>-effects on their expression. Our aim was to identify core genes for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by testing for association with genome-wide aggregated <i>trans</i>-effects (GATE) scores for gene expression in a large genetic dataset (5267/4909 SLE cases/controls). SLE was strongly associated with upregulation of expression of eight interferon-stimulated genes driven by shared <i>trans</i>-effects. We estimate that <i>trans</i>-effects on interferon signaling account for 9% of the total genetic effect on SLE risk. Outside this pathway, GATE analysis detected twenty putative core genes for SLE. Direct protein measurements for these genes were strongly associated with SLE in UK Biobank. Two putative core genes (<i>TNFRSF17</i>, <i>TNFRSF13B</i>) encode receptors (BCMA, TACI) expressed on B cells; their ligands (BAFF, APRIL) are targeted by drugs licensed or in development for SLE. Four genes (<i>PDCD1</i>, <i>LAG3</i>, <i>TNFRSF9</i>, <i>CD27</i>) encode receptors that have been characterized as immune checkpoints, and three (<i>CD5L</i>, <i>SIGLEC1</i>, <i>CXCL13</i>) are biomarkers of SLE disease activity. These results provide genetic support for existing drug targets in SLE (interferon signaling, BAFF/APRIL signaling) and identify other possible therapeutic targets including immune checkpoint receptors.</p><p></p>

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Discovery of core genes for systemic lupus erythematosus via genome-wide aggregated trans-effects analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月3日

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  • Andrii Iakovliev,
  • Olivia Castellini-Pérez,
  • Buddhiprabha Erabadda,
  • Javier Martín,
  • Guillermo Barturen,
  • Paul M. McKeigue,
  • Elena Carnero-Montoro,
  • Marta E. Alarcón-Riquelme,
  • Athina Spiliopoulou

摘要

The “omnigenic” hypothesis postulates that the polygenic effects of common variants on a typical complex trait coalesce on relatively few core genes through trans-effects on their expression. Our aim was to identify core genes for systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) by testing for association with genome-wide aggregated trans-effects (GATE) scores for gene expression in a large genetic dataset (5267/4909 SLE cases/controls). SLE was strongly associated with upregulation of expression of eight interferon-stimulated genes driven by shared trans-effects. We estimate that trans-effects on interferon signaling account for 9% of the total genetic effect on SLE risk. Outside this pathway, GATE analysis detected twenty putative core genes for SLE. Direct protein measurements for these genes were strongly associated with SLE in UK Biobank. Two putative core genes (TNFRSF17, TNFRSF13B) encode receptors (BCMA, TACI) expressed on B cells; their ligands (BAFF, APRIL) are targeted by drugs licensed or in development for SLE. Four genes (PDCD1, LAG3, TNFRSF9, CD27) encode receptors that have been characterized as immune checkpoints, and three (CD5L, SIGLEC1, CXCL13) are biomarkers of SLE disease activity. These results provide genetic support for existing drug targets in SLE (interferon signaling, BAFF/APRIL signaling) and identify other possible therapeutic targets including immune checkpoint receptors.