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Background <p>Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been suggested to be associated with an increased risk of cataract in adults. However, the evidence remains inconclusive. This meta-analysis aimed to clarify this potential association.</p> Methods <p>We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to July 31, 2024, for observational studies evaluating the association between MetS and cataract. Data were pooled using a random-effects model to calculate risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed with the Cochrane Q test and I² statistics. Subgroup analyses were performed based on study characteristics.</p> Results <p>Ten studies with 379,464 participants were included. The meta-analysis showed that MetS was significantly associated with an increased risk of cataract (RR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.16–1.41, <i>p</i> &lt; 0.001; I² = 90%). Subgroup analyses indicated that the association was stronger in participants aged ≥57 years compared to those &lt;57 years (<i>p</i> for subgroup difference &lt;0.001) and in studies using the International Diabetes Federation criteria for MetS diagnosis compared to the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria (p for subgroup difference &lt;0.001). No significant differences were found by geographic region, sex, or cataract types. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings. Egger’s regression test showed no significant publication bias (<i>p</i> = 0.44).</p> Conclusion <p>MetS is associated with an increased risk of cataract in adults, particularly in older populations. Further studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and develop prevention strategies.</p>

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Association between metabolic syndrome and cataract: a meta-analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月11日

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  • Caijuan Liu,
  • Yinbo Zhang,
  • Xiaowen Cao,
  • Zhimin Chen

摘要

Background

Metabolic syndrome (MetS) has been suggested to be associated with an increased risk of cataract in adults. However, the evidence remains inconclusive. This meta-analysis aimed to clarify this potential association.

Methods

We conducted a systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science up to July 31, 2024, for observational studies evaluating the association between MetS and cataract. Data were pooled using a random-effects model to calculate risk ratios (RR) with 95% confidence intervals (CI). Heterogeneity was assessed with the Cochrane Q test and I² statistics. Subgroup analyses were performed based on study characteristics.

Results

Ten studies with 379,464 participants were included. The meta-analysis showed that MetS was significantly associated with an increased risk of cataract (RR: 1.28, 95% CI: 1.16–1.41, p < 0.001; I² = 90%). Subgroup analyses indicated that the association was stronger in participants aged ≥57 years compared to those <57 years (p for subgroup difference <0.001) and in studies using the International Diabetes Federation criteria for MetS diagnosis compared to the National Cholesterol Education Program criteria (p for subgroup difference <0.001). No significant differences were found by geographic region, sex, or cataract types. Sensitivity analyses confirmed the robustness of these findings. Egger’s regression test showed no significant publication bias (p = 0.44).

Conclusion

MetS is associated with an increased risk of cataract in adults, particularly in older populations. Further studies are needed to explore the underlying mechanisms and develop prevention strategies.