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Objective <p>We investigated the association of obesity phenotypes with MetS and components scores, subclinical inflammation, anti- and oxidative markers in children.</p> Subjects/Methods <p>This is a cross-sectional study with 364 children (8 and 9-year-olds) in Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Children were classified as: 1.“normal-weight lean” (NWL) when they had normal-weight by BMI and adequate fat percentage assessed by DXA; 2. “normal-weight obesity” (NWO) for those with normal-weight and excess fat; and 3. “excess weight” for those with overweight/obesity and excess fat. The score for the MetS and its components was estimated, and the inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were measured. Multiple linear regression was used.</p> Results <p>Of thirteen cardiometabolic risk factors investigated, five were positively associated with the NWO, compared to NWL. Moreover, eleven cardiometabolic risk factors were associated with excess weight, compared to NWL. When the two phenotypes of excess body fat were contrasted, we found eight cardiometabolic risk factors associated with excess weight, compared to NWO.</p> Conclusion <p>An intermediate cardiometabolic risk was observed in children with the NWO phenotype when comparing the status of NWL to excess weight. This study reinforces the importance of investigating cardiometabolic risk in early ages, independent of BMI.</p>

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Progressive increase of cardiometabolic risk in Brazilian children according to obesity phenotypes

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月5日

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  • Bruna Clemente Cota,
  • Mariana de Santis Filgueiras,
  • Nalva de Paula Dias,
  • Leidjaira Lopes Juvanhol,
  • Patrícia Feliciano Pereira,
  • Juliana Farias de Novaes

摘要

Objective

We investigated the association of obesity phenotypes with MetS and components scores, subclinical inflammation, anti- and oxidative markers in children.

Subjects/Methods

This is a cross-sectional study with 364 children (8 and 9-year-olds) in Viçosa, Minas Gerais, Brazil. Children were classified as: 1.“normal-weight lean” (NWL) when they had normal-weight by BMI and adequate fat percentage assessed by DXA; 2. “normal-weight obesity” (NWO) for those with normal-weight and excess fat; and 3. “excess weight” for those with overweight/obesity and excess fat. The score for the MetS and its components was estimated, and the inflammatory and oxidative stress markers were measured. Multiple linear regression was used.

Results

Of thirteen cardiometabolic risk factors investigated, five were positively associated with the NWO, compared to NWL. Moreover, eleven cardiometabolic risk factors were associated with excess weight, compared to NWL. When the two phenotypes of excess body fat were contrasted, we found eight cardiometabolic risk factors associated with excess weight, compared to NWO.

Conclusion

An intermediate cardiometabolic risk was observed in children with the NWO phenotype when comparing the status of NWL to excess weight. This study reinforces the importance of investigating cardiometabolic risk in early ages, independent of BMI.