The taxonomic status of strain KL5T, a novel actinobacterium isolated from the rhizosphere soil of Dryopteris championii, was described using a polyphasic approach. Strain KL5T contained rich meso and ll-diaminopimelic acids in the cell-wall peptidoglycan. Whole-cell hydrolysates of strain KL5T were galactose and ribose. The major fatty acids were iso-C15:0, anteiso-C15:0, iso-C16:0, C16:0 and anteiso-C17:0. The polar lipids mainly consisted of diphosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol and phosphatidylinositol mannosides. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis indicated that this strain shared the highest sequence similarity to Kitasatospora arboriphila HKI 0189 T (99.29%). Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed strain KL5T was most related to K. arboriphila HKI 0189 T, as was also confirmed by phylogenomic analysis. But strain KL5T exhibited low average nucleotide identity and digital DNA–DNA hybridization values with K. arboriphila JCM 13002 T (90.40% and 37.2%, respectively), suggesting that strain KL5T was a new Kitasatospora species. The results of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic analyses further verified the above conclusion. Consequently, strain KL5T represents a novel species of the genus Kitasatospora, for which the name Kitasatospora dryopteridis sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is KL5T ( = MCCC 1K10066T = KCTC 59627 T). In addition, the comparative genomic analysis suggested that Kitasatospora cinereorecta and Kitasatospora paracochleata should belong to the same species. Based on the principle of priority, it is proposed Kitasatospora paracochleata corrig. (Nakagaito et al. 1993) Zhang et al. [1] is a later heterotypic synonym of Kitasatospora cinereorecta (Terekhova and Preobrazhenskaya 1986) Labeda et al. [2].
