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<p>The development of biodegradable polymers and their certification require an analytical method that is both reliable and practical. Although biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) testing remains a robust method for confirming polymer metabolism, it does not provide precise information about the residual compounds present during and after biodegradation. Moreover, direct analysis of these residues is challenging, particularly when seawater interferes with the analysis. In this study, we propose an extraction/chemical-structure–analysis/molecular-mass–analysis protocol as an enhanced analytical approach for investigating culture medium after BOD biodegradation testing in seawater. We conducted BOD biodegradation tests of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-<i>co</i>-3-hydroxyvalerate), poly(<i>ε</i>-caprolactone), and poly(butylene succinate) in seawater. After testing, <sup>1</sup>H NMR analysis of the extracts revealed the chemical structures of the residual polymers and enabled the assessment of NMR degradability, which aligned well with the BOD biodegradability trend. Additionally, molecular mass analysis revealed changes in the molecular mass, supporting the evaluation of the polymer chain scission. This study advances analytical methods in the field of biodegradable polymers.</p>

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Feasible analytical protocol for residual polymers in culture medium after biodegradation testing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月8日

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  • Yuta Sawanaka,
  • Junko Torii,
  • Yuya Tachibana,
  • Ken-ichi Kasuya

摘要

The development of biodegradable polymers and their certification require an analytical method that is both reliable and practical. Although biochemical oxygen demand (BOD) testing remains a robust method for confirming polymer metabolism, it does not provide precise information about the residual compounds present during and after biodegradation. Moreover, direct analysis of these residues is challenging, particularly when seawater interferes with the analysis. In this study, we propose an extraction/chemical-structure–analysis/molecular-mass–analysis protocol as an enhanced analytical approach for investigating culture medium after BOD biodegradation testing in seawater. We conducted BOD biodegradation tests of poly(3-hydroxybutyrate-co-3-hydroxyvalerate), poly(ε-caprolactone), and poly(butylene succinate) in seawater. After testing, 1H NMR analysis of the extracts revealed the chemical structures of the residual polymers and enabled the assessment of NMR degradability, which aligned well with the BOD biodegradability trend. Additionally, molecular mass analysis revealed changes in the molecular mass, supporting the evaluation of the polymer chain scission. This study advances analytical methods in the field of biodegradable polymers.