<p>Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are integral components of the tumor microenvironment and critical for the colonization of disseminated cancer cells; specifically, stem cell antigen (Sca-1) is recognized as a surface marker of MSCs. In this study, we found that MSCs highly expressing Sca-1 are positively associated with lung metastasis. MSCs derived from the lungs of mice bearing metastasized breast tumors (LMSCs) exhibited higher level of Sca-1 compared to those with adenoma. When co-injected with 4T1 cells intravenously, Sca-1<sup>high</sup> LMSCs resulted in more tumor nodules in lung tissue than Sca-1<sup>low</sup> LMSCs. Furthermore, Sca-1<sup>high</sup> LMSCs expressed higher levels of CCL2, CCL7, and CXCL1 than Sca-1<sup>low</sup> LMSCs. Sca-1<sup>high</sup> LMSCs can directly recruit 4T1 cells through producing CXCL1. Additionally, Sca-1<sup>high</sup> LMSCs are highly potent in recruiting immune cells of the myeloid lineage (neutrophils and macrophages) to the lungs. Inhibition of macrophage chemotaxis by Bindarit, an inhibitor of CCL2/7/8 transcription, decreased the lung tumor burden induced by Sca-1<sup>high</sup> MSCs. Using <i>Ccr5</i><sup>−/−</sup> mice, it was further confirmed that Sca-1<sup>high</sup> LMSCs promote tumorigenesis by recruiting macrophages, further supporting that the increased recruitment of macrophages mediates the pro-metastasis effect of Sca-1<sup>high</sup> LMSCs. Collectively, this study demonstrated that Sca-1<sup>high</sup> LMSCs and their effectors could be targeted to inhibit breast cancer metastasis to the lung.</p>

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Mesenchymal stromal cells highly expressing Sca-1 promote breast cancer lung metastasis through recruiting myeloid cells

  • Lijuan Cao,
  • Yanan Li,
  • Minghui Ou,
  • Artem Smirnov,
  • Rui Liu,
  • Tingting Wang,
  • Xiao Su,
  • Peishan Li,
  • Mancini Mara,
  • Eleonora Candi,
  • Zhiyuan Zheng,
  • Gerry Melino,
  • Changshun Shao,
  • Yufang Shi

摘要

Mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs) are integral components of the tumor microenvironment and critical for the colonization of disseminated cancer cells; specifically, stem cell antigen (Sca-1) is recognized as a surface marker of MSCs. In this study, we found that MSCs highly expressing Sca-1 are positively associated with lung metastasis. MSCs derived from the lungs of mice bearing metastasized breast tumors (LMSCs) exhibited higher level of Sca-1 compared to those with adenoma. When co-injected with 4T1 cells intravenously, Sca-1high LMSCs resulted in more tumor nodules in lung tissue than Sca-1low LMSCs. Furthermore, Sca-1high LMSCs expressed higher levels of CCL2, CCL7, and CXCL1 than Sca-1low LMSCs. Sca-1high LMSCs can directly recruit 4T1 cells through producing CXCL1. Additionally, Sca-1high LMSCs are highly potent in recruiting immune cells of the myeloid lineage (neutrophils and macrophages) to the lungs. Inhibition of macrophage chemotaxis by Bindarit, an inhibitor of CCL2/7/8 transcription, decreased the lung tumor burden induced by Sca-1high MSCs. Using Ccr5−/− mice, it was further confirmed that Sca-1high LMSCs promote tumorigenesis by recruiting macrophages, further supporting that the increased recruitment of macrophages mediates the pro-metastasis effect of Sca-1high LMSCs. Collectively, this study demonstrated that Sca-1high LMSCs and their effectors could be targeted to inhibit breast cancer metastasis to the lung.