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<p>Bladder cancer is the second most common malignancy of the urogenital system, with non-muscle-invasive forms being the most prevalent. While therapy with intravesical instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is widely used, it shows variable efficacy and notable side effects, which prompts the need for new treatments. This study introduces a nanoscale biotherapy against bladder cancer using bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) from <i>Escherichia coli</i>. In an orthotopic syngeneic rat model of bladder cancer with luciferase-tagged tumour cells, intravesical bEVs treatment significantly inhibited tumour growth compared to the gold standard therapy: BCG. Indeed, compared to BCG, bEVs treatment led to superior tumour regression, with 60% of treated animals showing complete tumour clearance versus 20% in the BCG-treated group. Moreover, we observed strong local immune activation, namely T cell infiltration and mucosal lymphoid aggregates, which negatively correlated with tumour size, suggesting that bEVs efficacy is due, at least in part, to their ability to induce a strong antitumor immune response. Notably, bEVs caused no mortality or systemic toxicity. Altogether, the present study constitutes a striking illustration of translational medicine, where the properties of a bacterial compound can be harnessed for patient benefit.</p>

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Bacterial nanoparticles as a potent and safe alternative to BCG for bladder cancer immunotherapy

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月30日

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  • Marine Colson,
  • Arthur Aubry,
  • Nicolas Gaide,
  • Philippe Lluel,
  • Eric Oswald,
  • Laure David

摘要

Bladder cancer is the second most common malignancy of the urogenital system, with non-muscle-invasive forms being the most prevalent. While therapy with intravesical instillation of Bacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is widely used, it shows variable efficacy and notable side effects, which prompts the need for new treatments. This study introduces a nanoscale biotherapy against bladder cancer using bacterial extracellular vesicles (bEVs) from Escherichia coli. In an orthotopic syngeneic rat model of bladder cancer with luciferase-tagged tumour cells, intravesical bEVs treatment significantly inhibited tumour growth compared to the gold standard therapy: BCG. Indeed, compared to BCG, bEVs treatment led to superior tumour regression, with 60% of treated animals showing complete tumour clearance versus 20% in the BCG-treated group. Moreover, we observed strong local immune activation, namely T cell infiltration and mucosal lymphoid aggregates, which negatively correlated with tumour size, suggesting that bEVs efficacy is due, at least in part, to their ability to induce a strong antitumor immune response. Notably, bEVs caused no mortality or systemic toxicity. Altogether, the present study constitutes a striking illustration of translational medicine, where the properties of a bacterial compound can be harnessed for patient benefit.