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Background <p>Cells deficient in DNA repair factors breast cancer susceptibility 1/2 (BRCA1/2) or ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) are sensitive to poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. Building on our previous findings, we asked how the lysine methyltransferase SETD1A contributed to PARP inhibitor-mediated cell death in these contexts&#xa0;and determined the mechanisms responsible.</p> Methods <p>We used cervical, breast, lung and ovarian cancer cells bearing mutations in <i>BRCA1</i> or <i>ATM</i> and depleted SETD1A using siRNA or CRISPR/Cas9. We assessed the effects of the PARPi Olaparib on cell viability, homologous recombination, and DNA repair. We assessed underlying transcriptional perturbations using RNAseq. We used The Cancer Genomics Atlas (TCGA) and DepMap to investigate patient survival and cancer cell characteristics.</p> Results <p>Loss of SETD1A from both <i>BRCA1</i>-deficient and <i>ATM</i>-deficient cancer cells was associated with resistance to Olaparib, explained by partial restoration of homologous recombination. Mechanistically, SETD1A-dependent transcription of the crossover junction endonuclease EME1 correlated with sensitivity to Olaparib in these cells. Accordingly, when SETD1A or EME1 was lost, <i>BRCA1</i> or <i>ATM</i>-mutated cells became resistant to Olaparib, and homologous recombination was partially restored.</p> Conclusions <p>Loss of SETD1A or EME1 drives cellular resistance to Olaparib&#xa0;in certain genetic contexts&#xa0;and may help explain why patients develop resistance to PARP inhibitors in the clinic.</p>

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SETD1A-dependent EME1 transcription drives PARPi sensitivity in HR deficient tumour cells

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年2月24日

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  • Ellie Sweatman,
  • Rachel Bayley,
  • Richad Selemane,
  • Martin R. Higgs

摘要

Background

Cells deficient in DNA repair factors breast cancer susceptibility 1/2 (BRCA1/2) or ataxia-telangiectasia mutated (ATM) are sensitive to poly-ADP ribose polymerase (PARP) inhibitors. Building on our previous findings, we asked how the lysine methyltransferase SETD1A contributed to PARP inhibitor-mediated cell death in these contexts and determined the mechanisms responsible.

Methods

We used cervical, breast, lung and ovarian cancer cells bearing mutations in BRCA1 or ATM and depleted SETD1A using siRNA or CRISPR/Cas9. We assessed the effects of the PARPi Olaparib on cell viability, homologous recombination, and DNA repair. We assessed underlying transcriptional perturbations using RNAseq. We used The Cancer Genomics Atlas (TCGA) and DepMap to investigate patient survival and cancer cell characteristics.

Results

Loss of SETD1A from both BRCA1-deficient and ATM-deficient cancer cells was associated with resistance to Olaparib, explained by partial restoration of homologous recombination. Mechanistically, SETD1A-dependent transcription of the crossover junction endonuclease EME1 correlated with sensitivity to Olaparib in these cells. Accordingly, when SETD1A or EME1 was lost, BRCA1 or ATM-mutated cells became resistant to Olaparib, and homologous recombination was partially restored.

Conclusions

Loss of SETD1A or EME1 drives cellular resistance to Olaparib in certain genetic contexts and may help explain why patients develop resistance to PARP inhibitors in the clinic.