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Background <p>The effects of different exercise intensities on cognitive outcomes and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations in adolescents with overweight/obesity are not yet fully elucidated. This study aimed: (a) to compare the prevalence of responders to cognitive function and BDNF concentration in adolescents with overweight/obesity participating in a 12-week intervention with high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), and (b) to analyze whether cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) can explain differences in inter-individual variability between responders and non-responders.</p> Methods <p>Adolescents with overweight/obesity were assigned to HIIT (<i>n</i> = 15), MICT (<i>n</i> = 14), or CG (<i>n</i> = 24). Anthropometrics, body composition, CRF, basal BDNF, and cognitive performance (Trial Making Test (TMT) and Stroop Test (ST)) were evaluated pre- and post-intervention. Training was performed on stationary bikes (3×/week for 12 weeks).</p> Results <p>The prevalence of responders in ST and TMT was higher in the HIIT group than in CG (93–62%, <i>p</i> = 0.029; 67–33%, <i>p</i> = 0.043), with no differences in MICT. No group differences were found for BDNF responders (HIIT:73%-MICT:71%-CG:46%, <i>p</i> = 0.263). ST and TMT responders had greater CRF improvements than non-responders.</p> Conclusion <p>HIIT elicited a higher prevalence of cognitive responders than CG. CRF improvements may partially explain individual variability in responsiveness to cognitive outcomes.</p> Impact <p><UnorderedList Mark="Bullet"> <ItemContent> <p>This is the first study to examine and compare inter-individual variability in cognitive function and BDNF levels following MICT and HIIT interventions in adolescents with overweight/obesity;</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>Exercise intensity and improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness are key factors for optimizing the cognitive effects of interventions in youth with overweight;</p> </ItemContent> <ItemContent> <p>Twelve weeks of supervised HIIT and MICT training led to increased rates of cognitive responders among adolescents with overweight/obesity.</p> </ItemContent> </UnorderedList></p>

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Individual response to continuous and interval training on cognitive and brain-derived neurotrophic factor in adolescents with overweight/obesity

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月13日

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  • Francisco José de Menezes-Junior,
  • Caroline Brand,
  • Maiara Cristina Tadiotto,
  • Patricia Ribeiro Paes Corazza,
  • Tatiana Aparecida Affornali Tozo,
  • Kátia Sheylla Malta Purim,
  • Jorge Mota,
  • Beatriz Pereira,
  • Rafaela Rosário,
  • Neiva Leite

摘要

Background

The effects of different exercise intensities on cognitive outcomes and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) concentrations in adolescents with overweight/obesity are not yet fully elucidated. This study aimed: (a) to compare the prevalence of responders to cognitive function and BDNF concentration in adolescents with overweight/obesity participating in a 12-week intervention with high-intensity interval training (HIIT) or moderate-intensity continuous training (MICT), and (b) to analyze whether cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) can explain differences in inter-individual variability between responders and non-responders.

Methods

Adolescents with overweight/obesity were assigned to HIIT (n = 15), MICT (n = 14), or CG (n = 24). Anthropometrics, body composition, CRF, basal BDNF, and cognitive performance (Trial Making Test (TMT) and Stroop Test (ST)) were evaluated pre- and post-intervention. Training was performed on stationary bikes (3×/week for 12 weeks).

Results

The prevalence of responders in ST and TMT was higher in the HIIT group than in CG (93–62%, p = 0.029; 67–33%, p = 0.043), with no differences in MICT. No group differences were found for BDNF responders (HIIT:73%-MICT:71%-CG:46%, p = 0.263). ST and TMT responders had greater CRF improvements than non-responders.

Conclusion

HIIT elicited a higher prevalence of cognitive responders than CG. CRF improvements may partially explain individual variability in responsiveness to cognitive outcomes.

Impact

This is the first study to examine and compare inter-individual variability in cognitive function and BDNF levels following MICT and HIIT interventions in adolescents with overweight/obesity;

Exercise intensity and improvements in cardiorespiratory fitness are key factors for optimizing the cognitive effects of interventions in youth with overweight;

Twelve weeks of supervised HIIT and MICT training led to increased rates of cognitive responders among adolescents with overweight/obesity.