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<p>A rapid DNA damage response (DDR) and efficient DNA repair are essential for maintaining genome integrity. As a central apical kinase, ATM phosphorylates multiple downstream substrates to initiate DDR signaling and coordinate DNA repair following double-strand breaks (DSBs). However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying ATM activation remain incompletely understood. Here, we identify the RNA-binding protein RALY as a critical regulator of ATM activation. We show that RALY directly interacts with and stabilizes the acetyltransferase Tip60, a key activator of ATM. Mechanistically, RALY competes with Tip60 for binding to the E3 ubiquitin ligase Mdm2, thereby inhibiting Mdm2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of Tip60. Functionally, inhibition of RALY impairs ATM activation, compromises DNA repair capacity, and enhances radiosensitivity of cancer cells in a Tip60-dependent manner. Our findings uncover a previously unrecognized role of RALY in regulating ATM activation and indicate RALY as a potential therapeutic target for enhancing radiosensitivity in cancer.</p>

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The RNA-binding protein RALY promotes ATM activation by stabilizing Tip60

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月21日

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  • Bo Yao,
  • Kailiang Zhao,
  • Ning Yu,
  • Ning Wang,
  • Yinian Chang,
  • Linzhu Luo,
  • Fang Wang,
  • Yide Mei

摘要

A rapid DNA damage response (DDR) and efficient DNA repair are essential for maintaining genome integrity. As a central apical kinase, ATM phosphorylates multiple downstream substrates to initiate DDR signaling and coordinate DNA repair following double-strand breaks (DSBs). However, the precise molecular mechanisms underlying ATM activation remain incompletely understood. Here, we identify the RNA-binding protein RALY as a critical regulator of ATM activation. We show that RALY directly interacts with and stabilizes the acetyltransferase Tip60, a key activator of ATM. Mechanistically, RALY competes with Tip60 for binding to the E3 ubiquitin ligase Mdm2, thereby inhibiting Mdm2-mediated ubiquitination and degradation of Tip60. Functionally, inhibition of RALY impairs ATM activation, compromises DNA repair capacity, and enhances radiosensitivity of cancer cells in a Tip60-dependent manner. Our findings uncover a previously unrecognized role of RALY in regulating ATM activation and indicate RALY as a potential therapeutic target for enhancing radiosensitivity in cancer.