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<p>Premature infants are at higher risk of long-term clinical and developmental sequelae compared to their term counterparts. Specialized, multidisciplinary follow-up care for patients who are discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit is essential; however, there remains significant fragmentation of health services along with geographic and socioeconomic inequities in access and outcomes, contributing to excess healthcare utilization and costs. Technology has the potential to optimize the provision of NICU follow-up care. Recent advances in artificial intelligence, digital health, and connected devices have created novel opportunities for enhanced family education and discharge planning, care coordination, remote patient monitoring, and neurodevelopmental surveillance. Successful adoption of these innovations depends on key operational capabilities, including family-centered design and alignment of payment models. In this Perspective article, we highlight emerging applications of technology-enabled care with an emphasis on pragmatic recommendations focused on care integration, implementation, and equity.</p>

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The future of follow-up: technology-enabled medical and developmental follow-up care for NICU graduates

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月20日

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  • Ryan CL Brewster,
  • Janene H. Fuerch,
  • Jonathan S. Litt

摘要

Premature infants are at higher risk of long-term clinical and developmental sequelae compared to their term counterparts. Specialized, multidisciplinary follow-up care for patients who are discharged from the neonatal intensive care unit is essential; however, there remains significant fragmentation of health services along with geographic and socioeconomic inequities in access and outcomes, contributing to excess healthcare utilization and costs. Technology has the potential to optimize the provision of NICU follow-up care. Recent advances in artificial intelligence, digital health, and connected devices have created novel opportunities for enhanced family education and discharge planning, care coordination, remote patient monitoring, and neurodevelopmental surveillance. Successful adoption of these innovations depends on key operational capabilities, including family-centered design and alignment of payment models. In this Perspective article, we highlight emerging applications of technology-enabled care with an emphasis on pragmatic recommendations focused on care integration, implementation, and equity.