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Objective <p>Determine if preterm infants have prolonged therapeutic post-discontinuation antibiotic exposures (PDAE) following empiric ampicillin.</p> Study design <p>Prospective study of 27 infants ≤7 days and &lt;37 weeks gestational age (GA) receiving ampicillin (200 mg/kg/day); 49 post-discontinuation PK samples were collected. Exposures were predicted using PK simulations and a prior ampicillin PK model. The probability of target attainment 24- and 36-h after the final ampicillin dose for various minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the duration of therapeutic PDAE was calculated.</p> Result <p>At 24- and 36-h after ampicillin, the probability of exposures ≥1 μg/mL was 95% and 60%, respectively. PDAE (≥1 μg/mL) lasted a median 33 h (95% confidence interval: 15, 79), and varied with GA, from median 53 h (&lt;28 weeks GA) to 27 h (34–36 weeks GA).</p> Conclusion <p>Many preterm infants experience therapeutic exposures at least 24 h after the final ampicillin dose. Shorter courses could be considered.</p>

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Evaluating the duration of post-discontinuation therapeutic ampicillin exposures in preterm infants

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年3月13日

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  • Angelique E. Boutzoukas,
  • Jennifer Le,
  • Ryan Kilpatrick,
  • Michael J. Smith,
  • Matthew Laughon,
  • Daniel Gonzalez,
  • Kelly C. Wade,
  • Rachel G. Greenberg,
  • Melissa Babilonia-Rosa,
  • Daniel K. Benjamin Jr,
  • Michael Cohen-Wolkowiez,
  • Kanecia O. Zimmerman

摘要

Objective

Determine if preterm infants have prolonged therapeutic post-discontinuation antibiotic exposures (PDAE) following empiric ampicillin.

Study design

Prospective study of 27 infants ≤7 days and <37 weeks gestational age (GA) receiving ampicillin (200 mg/kg/day); 49 post-discontinuation PK samples were collected. Exposures were predicted using PK simulations and a prior ampicillin PK model. The probability of target attainment 24- and 36-h after the final ampicillin dose for various minimum inhibitory concentrations (MICs) and the duration of therapeutic PDAE was calculated.

Result

At 24- and 36-h after ampicillin, the probability of exposures ≥1 μg/mL was 95% and 60%, respectively. PDAE (≥1 μg/mL) lasted a median 33 h (95% confidence interval: 15, 79), and varied with GA, from median 53 h (<28 weeks GA) to 27 h (34–36 weeks GA).

Conclusion

Many preterm infants experience therapeutic exposures at least 24 h after the final ampicillin dose. Shorter courses could be considered.