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Objective <p>Substance use during pregnancy may affect fetal development and have implications for newborn, childhood, and life-long health. While standardized maternal screening protocols may reduce testing disparities, there are limited data describing the effects of standardized drug screening protocols on neonatal outcomes.</p> Study design <p>We conducted a retrospective cohort study of deliveries at a tertiary care center during pre-(7/1/2020–6/9/2021) and post-intervention(6/10/2021–5/31/2022) periods around implementation of a standardized obstetric substance use screening/testing protocol. Associations between neonatal testing and maternal race, ethnicity, and insurance status were assessed using generalized estimating equations (SAS 9.4,α = 0.05).</p> Result <p>Among 3163 pre-intervention and 3389 post-intervention neonates, testing decreased post-intervention (4.5% vs. 6.2%, p = 0.0035), though a higher proportion lacked corresponding maternal tests (70.8% vs. 32.3%, p &lt; 0.001). Black neonates had higher testing odds, which attenuated after adjusting for insurance status.</p> Conclusion <p>Use of a maternal screening protocol was associated with a reduction in neonatal testing, but disparities persist, warranting further study.</p>

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The impact of an obstetric substance use screening and biologic testing protocol on neonatal drug testing

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月23日

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  • Adwoa A. Baffoe-Bonnie,
  • Siera Bethell,
  • Janea Cato,
  • Lena Fried,
  • Leyi Sun,
  • Tracy Truong,
  • Yasmeen Midgette,
  • Lakshmi Katakam,
  • Sarahn M. Wheeler,
  • Jennifer JM Cate

摘要

Objective

Substance use during pregnancy may affect fetal development and have implications for newborn, childhood, and life-long health. While standardized maternal screening protocols may reduce testing disparities, there are limited data describing the effects of standardized drug screening protocols on neonatal outcomes.

Study design

We conducted a retrospective cohort study of deliveries at a tertiary care center during pre-(7/1/2020–6/9/2021) and post-intervention(6/10/2021–5/31/2022) periods around implementation of a standardized obstetric substance use screening/testing protocol. Associations between neonatal testing and maternal race, ethnicity, and insurance status were assessed using generalized estimating equations (SAS 9.4,α = 0.05).

Result

Among 3163 pre-intervention and 3389 post-intervention neonates, testing decreased post-intervention (4.5% vs. 6.2%, p = 0.0035), though a higher proportion lacked corresponding maternal tests (70.8% vs. 32.3%, p < 0.001). Black neonates had higher testing odds, which attenuated after adjusting for insurance status.

Conclusion

Use of a maternal screening protocol was associated with a reduction in neonatal testing, but disparities persist, warranting further study.