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Objective <p>To explore key informants’ perspectives on how France has maintained a lower obesity prevalence than other high-income countries and the challenges that may limit France’s current response to the obesity epidemic.</p> Methods <p>Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 stakeholders based on their expertise and involvement in obesity clinical management, research, or policy in France. An inductive thematic analysis process was used to identify themes across the narrative data.</p> Results <p>Despite France’s lower obesity prevalence, public health stakeholders perceive that obesity remains a growing public health concern, particularly among disadvantaged groups. Factors perceived as beneficial for obesity prevention in France included key nutrition policies such as the French National Nutrition and Health Program (PNNS), Nutri-Score (front of package labeling), physical activity prescription, and school meals, and cultural factors, namely the traditional French eating culture that encompasses structured, seated meals associated with sharing. However, factors that could prevent France from further reducing obesity rates included strong food industry lobbying, non-mandatory policies, and limited political will.</p> Conclusions <p>Stakeholders believed that adherence to French eating culture, as well as several nutrition policies, has contributed to the relative success of France in mitigating the increase in obesity rates, at least in certain subgroups of the population. However, they suggest that there is still much progress to be made, given rising obesity rates driven by social disparities. Further coordination and strengthening of health-equity focused public health initiatives are needed to support efforts in obesity prevention in France.</p>

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A qualitative study exploring key informant perspectives on obesity prevention efforts in France

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年4月3日

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  • Nour M. Hammad,
  • Isabelle Romieu,
  • Sébastien Czernichow,
  • Julianne Williams,
  • Abrar M. Belaabd,
  • Deirdre K. Tobias,
  • Cindy W. Leung,
  • Erica L. Kenney,
  • Frank B. Hu,
  • Walter C. Willett

摘要

Objective

To explore key informants’ perspectives on how France has maintained a lower obesity prevalence than other high-income countries and the challenges that may limit France’s current response to the obesity epidemic.

Methods

Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 15 stakeholders based on their expertise and involvement in obesity clinical management, research, or policy in France. An inductive thematic analysis process was used to identify themes across the narrative data.

Results

Despite France’s lower obesity prevalence, public health stakeholders perceive that obesity remains a growing public health concern, particularly among disadvantaged groups. Factors perceived as beneficial for obesity prevention in France included key nutrition policies such as the French National Nutrition and Health Program (PNNS), Nutri-Score (front of package labeling), physical activity prescription, and school meals, and cultural factors, namely the traditional French eating culture that encompasses structured, seated meals associated with sharing. However, factors that could prevent France from further reducing obesity rates included strong food industry lobbying, non-mandatory policies, and limited political will.

Conclusions

Stakeholders believed that adherence to French eating culture, as well as several nutrition policies, has contributed to the relative success of France in mitigating the increase in obesity rates, at least in certain subgroups of the population. However, they suggest that there is still much progress to be made, given rising obesity rates driven by social disparities. Further coordination and strengthening of health-equity focused public health initiatives are needed to support efforts in obesity prevention in France.