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<p>Leather cultural relics, which are of great significance, are easily degraded by microorganisms. Although many studies have investigated the microbial degradation of leather artifacts, most only focused on the degradation of leather by a single microbial species, and few studied the impact of mixed microbial communities on leather degradation. This study utilized compost to rapidly age artificial archeological leather, and for the first time systematically investigated the dynamics of microbial diversity during leather degradation in compost using high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. The next-generation sequencing data of microbial communities were generated using the Illumina NovaSeq platform. The results revealed that genera <i>Psychrobacillus</i>, <i>Sphaerobacter</i>, <i>Thermomonospora</i>, <i>Sporosarcina</i>, <i>Mortierella</i>, <i>Candida-Lodderomyces-clade</i> and <i>Mucor</i> were significantly enriched in the compost containing degrading leather, and may be potential biomarkers for the presence of ancient leather artifacts. Collectively, the results indicate that archeological leather may affect the composition of microbial communities in the environment, especially bacterial ones. Our findings provide critical insights into the microbial dynamics during archeological leather degradation and offer guidance for the long-term preservation of leather cultural relics.</p>

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Microbial diversity dynamics during the degradation of artificially aged leather in compost

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2025年7月15日

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  • Yu Wang,
  • Zhiqian Guan,
  • Yuanyuan Wang,
  • Liwen Zhong,
  • Lilong Hou,
  • Jiao Pan

摘要

Leather cultural relics, which are of great significance, are easily degraded by microorganisms. Although many studies have investigated the microbial degradation of leather artifacts, most only focused on the degradation of leather by a single microbial species, and few studied the impact of mixed microbial communities on leather degradation. This study utilized compost to rapidly age artificial archeological leather, and for the first time systematically investigated the dynamics of microbial diversity during leather degradation in compost using high-throughput sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. The next-generation sequencing data of microbial communities were generated using the Illumina NovaSeq platform. The results revealed that genera Psychrobacillus, Sphaerobacter, Thermomonospora, Sporosarcina, Mortierella, Candida-Lodderomyces-clade and Mucor were significantly enriched in the compost containing degrading leather, and may be potential biomarkers for the presence of ancient leather artifacts. Collectively, the results indicate that archeological leather may affect the composition of microbial communities in the environment, especially bacterial ones. Our findings provide critical insights into the microbial dynamics during archeological leather degradation and offer guidance for the long-term preservation of leather cultural relics.