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<p>The Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers’ Rights Act (PPVFRA)of 2001 provides an important legal and institutional framework for protecting the rights of breeders and farmers over plant varieties developed, conserved or improved by them. This study presents an empirical analysis of 8,615 registered varieties belonging to 102 crops, grouped into 12 crop groups, as recorded in the PPVFR Registry as of March 2025 to visualize the temporal and categorical patterns, assess the contribution of applicant sectors (farmers, public institutions, and private companies), and evaluate the patterns of the duration of protection across crop groups and applicant categories. Descriptive statistics indicate that more than half (54.71%) of the registered varieties were submitted by individual farmers, which further substantiates India’s recognition of grassroots innovation. The analysis also found significant relationships between applicant type and crop group, suggesting sector specific preferences for certain crop groups. Time series analyses showed a significant increase in variety registrations after 2013, possibly reflecting policy support and institutional facilitation. Furthermore, the study found statistically significant variation in protection periods across both crop groups and applicant categories. The findings suggest that India’s inclusive IPR framework has encouraged wider participation, particularly by farmers, while also indicating the need for stronger support for underrepresented crop groups. The results provide useful insights into plant variety registration behaviour in India and may help improve participation and biodiversity protection.</p>

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Assessing Crop Diversity, Sectoral Contributions, Temporal Trends and Duration Pattern in Plant Variety Protection: An Empirical Meta-analysis from Indian Perspectives

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月31日

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  • Shiv Datt,
  • Subhra Saikat Roy,
  • Manju Gurjar,
  • Sharanya Paliwal,
  • Vikram Singh,
  • Dilip Ghosh,
  • Neeru Bhooshan

摘要

The Protection of Plant Varieties and Farmers’ Rights Act (PPVFRA)of 2001 provides an important legal and institutional framework for protecting the rights of breeders and farmers over plant varieties developed, conserved or improved by them. This study presents an empirical analysis of 8,615 registered varieties belonging to 102 crops, grouped into 12 crop groups, as recorded in the PPVFR Registry as of March 2025 to visualize the temporal and categorical patterns, assess the contribution of applicant sectors (farmers, public institutions, and private companies), and evaluate the patterns of the duration of protection across crop groups and applicant categories. Descriptive statistics indicate that more than half (54.71%) of the registered varieties were submitted by individual farmers, which further substantiates India’s recognition of grassroots innovation. The analysis also found significant relationships between applicant type and crop group, suggesting sector specific preferences for certain crop groups. Time series analyses showed a significant increase in variety registrations after 2013, possibly reflecting policy support and institutional facilitation. Furthermore, the study found statistically significant variation in protection periods across both crop groups and applicant categories. The findings suggest that India’s inclusive IPR framework has encouraged wider participation, particularly by farmers, while also indicating the need for stronger support for underrepresented crop groups. The results provide useful insights into plant variety registration behaviour in India and may help improve participation and biodiversity protection.