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<p>Onion is a major vegetable crop in India, where productivity and varietal performance are strongly influenced by environmental variability. The present study evaluated 43 (red and white) onion genotypes across five contrasting agro-climatic locations during the <i>rabi</i> 2020-21 season to quantify genotype × environment interaction (GEI) and identify high-yielding and stable genotypes for commercial cultivation. Field trials were conducted in a randomized complete block design, and data were recorded for yield attributes, maturity, and disease response. Combined ANOVA revealed statistically significant (<i>P</i> &lt; 0.05) effects of genotype, environment and GEI for marketable yield, indicating substantial differential genotypic responses across test sites. AMMI analysis showed that the first interaction principal component (IPCA1) explained 91.3% and 96.8% of the total GEI, while IPCA2 explained 6.1% and 1.9% of the GEI in red and white onions, respectively, demonstrating the predominance of a single interaction axis. Based on AMMI biplots, genotypes RO-1769 (G8), RO-1773 (G12), RO-1783 (G14), Bhima Kiran (G23) and NHRDF Red-2 (G26) (red) and W-444 (G11), W-500 (G14) and W-045 (G1) (white) identified as stable genotypes with minimal interaction effects. Complementary stability parameters, including Lin and Binns’s superiority index (P<sub>i</sub>), Wricke’s ecovalence (W<sub>i</sub>), Shukla’s variance (σ²<sub>i</sub>), regression coefficient (b<sub>i</sub>) and AMMI Stability Value (ASV), showed strong concordance with AMMI-based rankings. Spearman’s correlation analysis confirmed, P<sub>i</sub> as the most discriminative index for selecting high-yielding, stable genotypes. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of integrating AMMI with parametric stability models for reliable genotype selection and identifies promising candidates for large-scale evaluation and varietal release. These findings provide a foundation for breeding climate-resilient onion cultivars adapted to diverse production environments.</p>

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Performance of Onion (Allium cepa L.) Genotypes at Multi-Location for Stability Analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月24日

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  • Amar Jeet Gupta,
  • V. Mahajan,
  • Kavya V. Aribenchi,
  • Ashwini P. Benke,
  • S. J. Gawande,
  • Ram Dutta,
  • V. Karuppaiah,
  • Pranjali A. Gedam,
  • Yogesh P. Khade

摘要

Onion is a major vegetable crop in India, where productivity and varietal performance are strongly influenced by environmental variability. The present study evaluated 43 (red and white) onion genotypes across five contrasting agro-climatic locations during the rabi 2020-21 season to quantify genotype × environment interaction (GEI) and identify high-yielding and stable genotypes for commercial cultivation. Field trials were conducted in a randomized complete block design, and data were recorded for yield attributes, maturity, and disease response. Combined ANOVA revealed statistically significant (P < 0.05) effects of genotype, environment and GEI for marketable yield, indicating substantial differential genotypic responses across test sites. AMMI analysis showed that the first interaction principal component (IPCA1) explained 91.3% and 96.8% of the total GEI, while IPCA2 explained 6.1% and 1.9% of the GEI in red and white onions, respectively, demonstrating the predominance of a single interaction axis. Based on AMMI biplots, genotypes RO-1769 (G8), RO-1773 (G12), RO-1783 (G14), Bhima Kiran (G23) and NHRDF Red-2 (G26) (red) and W-444 (G11), W-500 (G14) and W-045 (G1) (white) identified as stable genotypes with minimal interaction effects. Complementary stability parameters, including Lin and Binns’s superiority index (Pi), Wricke’s ecovalence (Wi), Shukla’s variance (σ²i), regression coefficient (bi) and AMMI Stability Value (ASV), showed strong concordance with AMMI-based rankings. Spearman’s correlation analysis confirmed, Pi as the most discriminative index for selecting high-yielding, stable genotypes. The study demonstrates the effectiveness of integrating AMMI with parametric stability models for reliable genotype selection and identifies promising candidates for large-scale evaluation and varietal release. These findings provide a foundation for breeding climate-resilient onion cultivars adapted to diverse production environments.