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<p>Urban and peri-urban temporary ponds are among the most threatened wetland ecosystems, yet they harbour remarkable floristic diversity and serve as refuges for rare and endemic taxa. This study investigates the factors structuring aquatic and wetland plant communities across nine temporary ponds in the urban and peri-urban zone of Annaba (north-eastern Algeria), surveyed over four consecutive years (2021–2024). A total of 364 vascular plant taxa belonging to 214 genera and 72 families were recorded. The flora is characterized by the Mediterranean chorotype (62.9%), with a strong therophytic component (44.2%). Six species are protected under Algerian legislation and five are listed on the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Red List, including <i>Rumex algeriensis</i> (Critically Endangered). A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of 37 edaphic, hydrological and physiographic variables revealed four site clusters differentiated by salinity, electrical conductivity, pond surface area, and distance from the urban center. Outlying Mean Index (OMI) niche analysis confirmed that species distribution is significantly driven by these environmental gradients (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.05), with axis 1 (44.25% of variance) reflecting salinity and hydrological regime, and axis 2 (27.48%) opposing peri-urban low-altitude ponds to urban plain waterbodies. Four plant community types were identified: a halophytic community, a helo-hydrophytic community, a psammophytic community, and a meso-xerophytic community. Urbanisation, agro-pastoral disturbance and salinisation emerged as the dominant ecological filters selecting for stress-tolerant generalist species while eliminating sensitive and endemic taxa. These findings underscore the urgent need for effective conservation measures for the remaining wetland habitats of the Annaba plain.</p>

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Edaphic and hydrological determinism of wetland vegetation in Mediterranean urban waterbodies: A case study from the Annaba Plain (Algeria)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月8日

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  • Hassiba Zediri,
  • Adnène Ibrahim Belabed,
  • Tarek Hamel,
  • Gérard de Bélair,
  • Abdallah Aouadi,
  • Amel Kétif,
  • Gianniantonio Domina

摘要

Urban and peri-urban temporary ponds are among the most threatened wetland ecosystems, yet they harbour remarkable floristic diversity and serve as refuges for rare and endemic taxa. This study investigates the factors structuring aquatic and wetland plant communities across nine temporary ponds in the urban and peri-urban zone of Annaba (north-eastern Algeria), surveyed over four consecutive years (2021–2024). A total of 364 vascular plant taxa belonging to 214 genera and 72 families were recorded. The flora is characterized by the Mediterranean chorotype (62.9%), with a strong therophytic component (44.2%). Six species are protected under Algerian legislation and five are listed on the IUCN (International Union for Conservation of Nature) Red List, including Rumex algeriensis (Critically Endangered). A Principal Component Analysis (PCA) of 37 edaphic, hydrological and physiographic variables revealed four site clusters differentiated by salinity, electrical conductivity, pond surface area, and distance from the urban center. Outlying Mean Index (OMI) niche analysis confirmed that species distribution is significantly driven by these environmental gradients (p < 0.05), with axis 1 (44.25% of variance) reflecting salinity and hydrological regime, and axis 2 (27.48%) opposing peri-urban low-altitude ponds to urban plain waterbodies. Four plant community types were identified: a halophytic community, a helo-hydrophytic community, a psammophytic community, and a meso-xerophytic community. Urbanisation, agro-pastoral disturbance and salinisation emerged as the dominant ecological filters selecting for stress-tolerant generalist species while eliminating sensitive and endemic taxa. These findings underscore the urgent need for effective conservation measures for the remaining wetland habitats of the Annaba plain.