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<p>Growing concerns about the environmental and health impacts of synthetic dyes have renewed interest in traditional plant-based dyeing. In Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&amp;H), traditional practices have significantly declined, and historic crafts such as “Bojadžije” are often overlooked in modern small-business strategies. This study documents traditional dye plants through a survey of 83 female participants across 39 settlements in all 12 mesoregions, and a review of historical ethnobotanical sources. The research identified 82 plant taxa from 37 families, with Rosaceae and Asteraceae the most prominent. The most frequently cited species were <i>Allium cepa</i>, <i>Daucus carota</i>, <i>Juglans regia</i>, <i>Lawsonia inermis</i>, <i>Petroselinum crispum</i>, <i>Beta vulgaris</i> subsp. <i>vulgaris</i>, <i>Achillea millefolium</i>, <i>Cydonia oblonga</i>, <i>Calendula officinalis</i>, <i>Prunus cerasus</i>, and <i>Prunus domestica</i>. Notably, 20 of these species are no longer locally recognized for their dyeing potential. Findings show that leaves, flowers, fruits, and bark were primarily used to produce nine colors, mainly yellow and brown, for various applications. A comparative analysis with ethnobotanical studies from adjacent regions revealed 11 species unique to B&amp;H dyeing traditions, while a meta-analysis identified ten major phytochemical groups, with polyphenols present in 53 taxa. These results underscore the rich biocultural heritage of B&amp;H and the urgent need for systematic documentation of plant-based dyeing traditions in the Balkan region. Revitalizing these traditions offers a sustainable path forward by supporting small-scale artisanal production, enhancing ecosystem services, and contributing to the circular economy.</p>

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Bridging heritage and sustainability: an ethnobotanical survey of traditional dye plants in Bosnia and Herzegovina with phytochemical synthesis

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月22日

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  • Edina Muratović,
  • Fatima Pustahija,
  • Adisa Parić

摘要

Growing concerns about the environmental and health impacts of synthetic dyes have renewed interest in traditional plant-based dyeing. In Bosnia and Herzegovina (B&H), traditional practices have significantly declined, and historic crafts such as “Bojadžije” are often overlooked in modern small-business strategies. This study documents traditional dye plants through a survey of 83 female participants across 39 settlements in all 12 mesoregions, and a review of historical ethnobotanical sources. The research identified 82 plant taxa from 37 families, with Rosaceae and Asteraceae the most prominent. The most frequently cited species were Allium cepa, Daucus carota, Juglans regia, Lawsonia inermis, Petroselinum crispum, Beta vulgaris subsp. vulgaris, Achillea millefolium, Cydonia oblonga, Calendula officinalis, Prunus cerasus, and Prunus domestica. Notably, 20 of these species are no longer locally recognized for their dyeing potential. Findings show that leaves, flowers, fruits, and bark were primarily used to produce nine colors, mainly yellow and brown, for various applications. A comparative analysis with ethnobotanical studies from adjacent regions revealed 11 species unique to B&H dyeing traditions, while a meta-analysis identified ten major phytochemical groups, with polyphenols present in 53 taxa. These results underscore the rich biocultural heritage of B&H and the urgent need for systematic documentation of plant-based dyeing traditions in the Balkan region. Revitalizing these traditions offers a sustainable path forward by supporting small-scale artisanal production, enhancing ecosystem services, and contributing to the circular economy.