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<p><i>Strobilanthes attenuata</i> (Acanthaceae) is an underexplored Himalayan species with limited phytochemical and pharmacological characterization. The present study provides a systematic evaluation of the phytochemical profile and in vitro bioactivity of aerial part extracts prepared using solvents of increasing polarity (hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol). Qualitative screening indicated solvent-dependent variation in secondary metabolites, with acetone (SAA) and methanol (SAM) extracts exhibiting greater chemical diversity. SAM showed the highest total phenolic content (112.2 ± 1.79 mg GAE/g), while SAA contained the highest total flavonoid content (191.8 ± 2.29 mg QE/g). In antioxidant assays, SAA demonstrated strong radical scavenging activity (63.47% DPPH and 90.84% ABTS inhibition at 100 µg/mL), whereas SAM exhibited the highest ferric reducing power (0.530 nm at 100 µg/mL). In the phosphomolybdenum assay, SAA showed high reducing potential (204.50 µg AAE/mg at 500 µg/mL). Antimicrobial activity was moderate and selective with significant inhibition of <i>Escherichia coli</i> and <i>Candida albicans</i> at 1000 µg/mL. Cytotoxic evaluation against MCF-7 breast cancer cells showed greater potency of SAA (IC<sub>50</sub> = 61.23 µg/mL) compared to SAM (IC<sub>50</sub> = 131.89 µg/mL). GC–MS profiling of SAA identified 130 compounds, predominantly triterpenoids (lupeol, 24.52%), phytosterols (γ-sitosterol, 10.70%), squalene (6.50%), phytol (4.96%) and γ-tocotrienol (3.10%). This preliminary investigation represents the first comprehensive solvent-based phytochemical and bioactivity assessment of crude aerial extracts of <i>S. attenuata</i>, highlighting acetone as an effective medium-polarity solvent.</p>

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Comprehensive study on phytochemical constituents and bioactive potential of aerial part extracts of Strobilanthes attenuata: an underexplored medicinal plant

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月23日

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  • Anantpreet Kaur,
  • Akshay Kumar,
  • Harpreet Walia,
  • Samriti Khosla

摘要

Strobilanthes attenuata (Acanthaceae) is an underexplored Himalayan species with limited phytochemical and pharmacological characterization. The present study provides a systematic evaluation of the phytochemical profile and in vitro bioactivity of aerial part extracts prepared using solvents of increasing polarity (hexane, ethyl acetate, acetone and methanol). Qualitative screening indicated solvent-dependent variation in secondary metabolites, with acetone (SAA) and methanol (SAM) extracts exhibiting greater chemical diversity. SAM showed the highest total phenolic content (112.2 ± 1.79 mg GAE/g), while SAA contained the highest total flavonoid content (191.8 ± 2.29 mg QE/g). In antioxidant assays, SAA demonstrated strong radical scavenging activity (63.47% DPPH and 90.84% ABTS inhibition at 100 µg/mL), whereas SAM exhibited the highest ferric reducing power (0.530 nm at 100 µg/mL). In the phosphomolybdenum assay, SAA showed high reducing potential (204.50 µg AAE/mg at 500 µg/mL). Antimicrobial activity was moderate and selective with significant inhibition of Escherichia coli and Candida albicans at 1000 µg/mL. Cytotoxic evaluation against MCF-7 breast cancer cells showed greater potency of SAA (IC50 = 61.23 µg/mL) compared to SAM (IC50 = 131.89 µg/mL). GC–MS profiling of SAA identified 130 compounds, predominantly triterpenoids (lupeol, 24.52%), phytosterols (γ-sitosterol, 10.70%), squalene (6.50%), phytol (4.96%) and γ-tocotrienol (3.10%). This preliminary investigation represents the first comprehensive solvent-based phytochemical and bioactivity assessment of crude aerial extracts of S. attenuata, highlighting acetone as an effective medium-polarity solvent.