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<p><i>Gloriosa superba</i> (Colchicaceae), commonly known as glory lily, is a medicinally significant yet highly toxic species whose biological effects are primarily attributed to colchicine-type alkaloids. This study characterizes the phytochemical composition of <i>G. superba</i> leaves using liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS/MS). Methanolic leaf extracts were analyzed in positive ionization mode, resulting in the detection of 56 molecular features at the MS<sup>1</sup> level and 17 metabolites annotated through MS/MS fragmentation. Metabolite assignments were reported according to Metabolomics Standards Initiative (MSI) criteria, comprising putative identifications (Level 2) supported by spectral similarity and tentative class-level annotations (Level 3). The detected compounds spanned several major phytochemical classes, including alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, fatty acid derivatives, peptides, and glycosylated metabolites. Notably, colchicine-related alkaloids were observed, consistent with the plant’s documented toxicity. This untargeted LC-QTOF-MS/MS profiling provides an expanded chemical overview of <i>G. superba</i> leaves and contributes to ongoing efforts in phytochemical standardization and toxicological characterization. While certain metabolites may hold relevance for future forensic or pharmacological investigations, such applications will require dedicated quantitative and matrix-validated analytical methods.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Phytochemical profiling of Gloriosa superba leaves using UPLC-QTOF-MS/MS with discussion of potential forensic relevance

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月9日

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  • Dipak Kumar Mahida,
  • Vishal M. Makwana,
  • Haidar Abbas Masi,
  • Ankita Patel,
  • Kapil Kumar,
  • Rakesh Rawal

摘要

Gloriosa superba (Colchicaceae), commonly known as glory lily, is a medicinally significant yet highly toxic species whose biological effects are primarily attributed to colchicine-type alkaloids. This study characterizes the phytochemical composition of G. superba leaves using liquid chromatography coupled with quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (LC-QTOF-MS/MS). Methanolic leaf extracts were analyzed in positive ionization mode, resulting in the detection of 56 molecular features at the MS1 level and 17 metabolites annotated through MS/MS fragmentation. Metabolite assignments were reported according to Metabolomics Standards Initiative (MSI) criteria, comprising putative identifications (Level 2) supported by spectral similarity and tentative class-level annotations (Level 3). The detected compounds spanned several major phytochemical classes, including alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, fatty acid derivatives, peptides, and glycosylated metabolites. Notably, colchicine-related alkaloids were observed, consistent with the plant’s documented toxicity. This untargeted LC-QTOF-MS/MS profiling provides an expanded chemical overview of G. superba leaves and contributes to ongoing efforts in phytochemical standardization and toxicological characterization. While certain metabolites may hold relevance for future forensic or pharmacological investigations, such applications will require dedicated quantitative and matrix-validated analytical methods.

Graphical Abstract