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<p><i>Cuscuta</i> exhibits cytogenetic diversity, strongly influenced by heterochromatin dynamics. The genus is divided into four subgenera, <i>Grammica</i> is almost exclusively found in the Americas, and South America is the first major diversification center. Section <i>Subulatae</i> consists of species primarily found in Argentina. To cytogenetically characterize the section <i>Subulatae</i> and investigate the chromosomal evolution of the subgenus <i>Grammica</i>, CMA/DAPI banding, FISH with 5S and 35S rDNA, and flow cytometry were performed on <i>C. argentinana</i> and <i>C. parodiana</i>. Both species exhibited 2<i>n</i> = 30 with differences in chromosome size and, heterochromatic banding patterns. <i>Cuscuta argentinana</i> has smaller chromosomes and genome (1C = 1.49 Gbp) and a higher number of metacentric chromosomes and CMA⁺/DAPI⁻ bands, whereas <i>C. parodiana</i> (1C = 2.79 Gbp) exhibits heterochromatin accumulation and higher number of submetacentric chromosomes and heterochromatin accumulation. While the rDNA 5S sites number were the same (six sites), <i>C. parodiana</i> presented one more pair of 35S rDNA. The results suggest that <i>Subulatae</i> is mainly represented by diploid species, with variation in genome size observed in <i>C. argentinana</i>, which may be associated with the dynamics of heterochromatin. These findings contribute to understanding of <i>Grammica</i> diversification and the role of heterochromatin in the chromosomal evolution of the genus.</p>

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Cytogenetic insights of C. argentinana and C. parodiana, two species from section Subulatae (Cuscuta – Convolvulaceae)

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月5日

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  • Amalia Ibiapino,
  • Andrea Pedrosa-Harand,
  • Juan Urdampilleta

摘要

Cuscuta exhibits cytogenetic diversity, strongly influenced by heterochromatin dynamics. The genus is divided into four subgenera, Grammica is almost exclusively found in the Americas, and South America is the first major diversification center. Section Subulatae consists of species primarily found in Argentina. To cytogenetically characterize the section Subulatae and investigate the chromosomal evolution of the subgenus Grammica, CMA/DAPI banding, FISH with 5S and 35S rDNA, and flow cytometry were performed on C. argentinana and C. parodiana. Both species exhibited 2n = 30 with differences in chromosome size and, heterochromatic banding patterns. Cuscuta argentinana has smaller chromosomes and genome (1C = 1.49 Gbp) and a higher number of metacentric chromosomes and CMA⁺/DAPI⁻ bands, whereas C. parodiana (1C = 2.79 Gbp) exhibits heterochromatin accumulation and higher number of submetacentric chromosomes and heterochromatin accumulation. While the rDNA 5S sites number were the same (six sites), C. parodiana presented one more pair of 35S rDNA. The results suggest that Subulatae is mainly represented by diploid species, with variation in genome size observed in C. argentinana, which may be associated with the dynamics of heterochromatin. These findings contribute to understanding of Grammica diversification and the role of heterochromatin in the chromosomal evolution of the genus.