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<p>The conversion of industrial and biogenic wastes into construction materials offers an effective pathway toward low-carbon and circular-economy cement alternatives. This study synthesises geopolymer cement using black aluminium dross as the aluminosilicate precursor and biomass-derived calcium hydroxide combined with sodium carbonate as a hybrid alkaline activator. Structural and microstructural analyses (XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDS) confirm the formation of sodium aluminosilicate hydrate (N-A-S-H) gel as the dominant binding phase. TG-DSC analysis indicates good thermal stability through the dehydration and dihydroxylation regions, while DLS results demonstrate stable dispersion of dross-derived particles in the alkaline medium. The proposed approach valorises hazardous industrial residues and renewable calcium sources, demonstrating a viable route for sustainable binder development. The absence of mechanical testing is noted as a limitation, and future studies should incorporate compressive strength and durability evaluation for application-level validation.</p>

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Sustainable geopolymer cement synthesized from aluminium dross using biomass-derived activators for structural thermal and microstructural analysis

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年1月28日

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  • G. Sathiyaseelan,
  • C. Bhagyanathan,
  • Immanuel Raju Kola,
  • J. Gottmyers Melwyn,
  • P. Srinath

摘要

The conversion of industrial and biogenic wastes into construction materials offers an effective pathway toward low-carbon and circular-economy cement alternatives. This study synthesises geopolymer cement using black aluminium dross as the aluminosilicate precursor and biomass-derived calcium hydroxide combined with sodium carbonate as a hybrid alkaline activator. Structural and microstructural analyses (XRD, FTIR, SEM-EDS) confirm the formation of sodium aluminosilicate hydrate (N-A-S-H) gel as the dominant binding phase. TG-DSC analysis indicates good thermal stability through the dehydration and dihydroxylation regions, while DLS results demonstrate stable dispersion of dross-derived particles in the alkaline medium. The proposed approach valorises hazardous industrial residues and renewable calcium sources, demonstrating a viable route for sustainable binder development. The absence of mechanical testing is noted as a limitation, and future studies should incorporate compressive strength and durability evaluation for application-level validation.