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<p>Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a complex, heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition that significantly impairs executive control and cognitive regulation. In 2023, the global prevalence was estimated at 8%, with a notable increase in pediatric cases. Current pharmacotherapies involving psychostimulants carry significant risks of dependency or abuse, while non-stimulants often exhibit clinical limitations such as a protracted onset of action and minimal cognitive benefit. Consequently, there is an urgent demand for safer and more sustainable therapeutic strategies. Emerging research suggests a significant correlation between ADHD and gut microbiome dysbiosis, particularly in children. This gut microbial imbalance is proposed to influence behavior and neurodevelopment through the gut-microbiota-brain axis. This review synthesizes current insights into ADHD pathogenesis, evaluates existing therapeutic challenges, and explores the evidence for using herbal and microbiome-targeted interventions to enhance the quality of life and cognitive function of affected children.</p>

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Reassessing ADHD Management: Integrating Gut Microbiome Insights and Herbal Nutritional Strategies

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月26日

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  • Wagiha S. Elkalla,
  • Akram N. Salah,
  • Naira Ali Mahmoud,
  • Mohamed M. M. Abdelrazek,
  • Sara Saeed Kotb,
  • Nourhan H. Elshami,
  • Kareem AlFarsi,
  • Aly M. Waseem,
  • Hanin A. Bogari,
  • Rania T. Malatani,
  • Khaled M. Darwish,
  • Asmaa M. Atta

摘要

Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is a complex, heterogeneous neurodevelopmental condition that significantly impairs executive control and cognitive regulation. In 2023, the global prevalence was estimated at 8%, with a notable increase in pediatric cases. Current pharmacotherapies involving psychostimulants carry significant risks of dependency or abuse, while non-stimulants often exhibit clinical limitations such as a protracted onset of action and minimal cognitive benefit. Consequently, there is an urgent demand for safer and more sustainable therapeutic strategies. Emerging research suggests a significant correlation between ADHD and gut microbiome dysbiosis, particularly in children. This gut microbial imbalance is proposed to influence behavior and neurodevelopment through the gut-microbiota-brain axis. This review synthesizes current insights into ADHD pathogenesis, evaluates existing therapeutic challenges, and explores the evidence for using herbal and microbiome-targeted interventions to enhance the quality of life and cognitive function of affected children.