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Objective <p>Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most serious complications associated with long-term diabetes mellitus. This study investigated the potential protective effects of cornelian cherry dried powder (CCDP) in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model, focusing on renal biochemical parameters, oxidative stress markers, and histopathological alterations.</p> Materials and Methods <p>A total of 56 adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to seven groups (n = 8 per group). Diabetes was induced via a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (55&#xa0;mg/kg BW) dissolved in citrate buffer (pH 4.5). The groups included: positive control (PC; diabetic rats on a basic diet), negative control (NC; non-diabetic rats on a basic diet), T1 to T4 (diabetic rats receiving 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2&#xa0;g/100&#xa0;g BW of CCDP, respectively), and T5 (non-diabetic rats receiving 1&#xa0;g/100&#xa0;g BW CCDP). Treatments were administered via the diet for four weeks. Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels, antioxidant capacity and histopathological changes of the renal tissue were evaluated.</p> Results <p>Rats in the PC group exhibited characteristic signs of diabetic nephropathy, including elevated serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels, increased renal malondialdehyde (MDA), and decreased total antioxidant capacity, as well as notable histopathological damage. CCDP supplementation significantly reduced serum BUN and creatinine concentrations and renal MDA levels, while enhancing renal antioxidant capacity in a dose-dependent manner. These effects occurred without significant changes in serum glucose levels. The T4 group (2&#xa0;g/100&#xa0;g BW) showed the most pronounced improvements. Histopathological evaluations confirmed that higher doses of CCDP ameliorated renal lesions such as tubular dilatation, degeneration, vacuolization, and necrosis.</p> Conclusion <p>Cornelian cherry exhibits renoprotective effects against diabetic nephropathy in rats, primarily through attenuation of oxidative stress and enhancement of renal antioxidant defense. These findings suggest that the antioxidant constituents of CCDP play a key mechanistic role in mitigating diabetes-induced renal damage.</p>

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Elucidation of the Therapeutic Mechanisms of Cornelian Cherry (Cornus mas) in Attenuating Diabetic Nephropathy in a Rat Model

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年2月11日

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  • Sajede Gholipour,
  • Amin Ahmadi,
  • Mahmoud Rafieian-Kopaei

摘要

Objective

Diabetic nephropathy is one of the most serious complications associated with long-term diabetes mellitus. This study investigated the potential protective effects of cornelian cherry dried powder (CCDP) in a streptozotocin-induced diabetic rat model, focusing on renal biochemical parameters, oxidative stress markers, and histopathological alterations.

Materials and Methods

A total of 56 adult male Wistar rats were randomly assigned to seven groups (n = 8 per group). Diabetes was induced via a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (55 mg/kg BW) dissolved in citrate buffer (pH 4.5). The groups included: positive control (PC; diabetic rats on a basic diet), negative control (NC; non-diabetic rats on a basic diet), T1 to T4 (diabetic rats receiving 0.25, 0.5, 1, and 2 g/100 g BW of CCDP, respectively), and T5 (non-diabetic rats receiving 1 g/100 g BW CCDP). Treatments were administered via the diet for four weeks. Serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels, antioxidant capacity and histopathological changes of the renal tissue were evaluated.

Results

Rats in the PC group exhibited characteristic signs of diabetic nephropathy, including elevated serum blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine levels, increased renal malondialdehyde (MDA), and decreased total antioxidant capacity, as well as notable histopathological damage. CCDP supplementation significantly reduced serum BUN and creatinine concentrations and renal MDA levels, while enhancing renal antioxidant capacity in a dose-dependent manner. These effects occurred without significant changes in serum glucose levels. The T4 group (2 g/100 g BW) showed the most pronounced improvements. Histopathological evaluations confirmed that higher doses of CCDP ameliorated renal lesions such as tubular dilatation, degeneration, vacuolization, and necrosis.

Conclusion

Cornelian cherry exhibits renoprotective effects against diabetic nephropathy in rats, primarily through attenuation of oxidative stress and enhancement of renal antioxidant defense. These findings suggest that the antioxidant constituents of CCDP play a key mechanistic role in mitigating diabetes-induced renal damage.