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<p>Carbon/polymer composite sponges have emerged as promising piezoresistive sensors (PRS) for wearable applications. However, their performance is intricately linked to several factors, including carbon material type, polymer composition, porosity, and pore sizes, which are rarely studied. This work underscores the critical role of pore size in determining piezoresistive activity. Two carbon nanotubes/polydimethysiloxane (CNTs/PDMS) sponges with varying average pore diameters (200&#xa0;μm and 700&#xa0;μm) were synthesized using different porogens via a straightforward and reproducible method. Various parameters like gauge factor, hysteresis, stability and response time are calculated and correlated with the pore size. The CNT-PDMS sponge with larger pore diameter exhibited a relative resistance change of -0.67 and a gauge factor of -13 at 5% strain, while the sponge with smaller pore size showed a smaller resistance change of -0.31 and a gauge factor of -6.2 at the same strain level. Larger pores tend to enhance sensitivity, rendering the sensor more responsive to external strain variations. However, this advantage comes at a cost—the compromise of response time. The CNT-PDMS sponge with smaller pore size showed faster response (0.11&#xa0;s) and recovery (0.14&#xa0;s) time as compared to the other larger diameter sponge. Striking the right balance between pore size, sensitivity, and response time emerges as a critical consideration for the design of efficient sponge-based PRS sensors. This work is expected to contribute valuable insights for sensor optimization and practical implementation.</p>

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Influence of pore size on the piezoresistive behavior of CNT/PDMS sponge sensors

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年8月13日

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  • Indu Elizabeth,
  • C. Athira,
  • Harish C. Barshilia

摘要

Carbon/polymer composite sponges have emerged as promising piezoresistive sensors (PRS) for wearable applications. However, their performance is intricately linked to several factors, including carbon material type, polymer composition, porosity, and pore sizes, which are rarely studied. This work underscores the critical role of pore size in determining piezoresistive activity. Two carbon nanotubes/polydimethysiloxane (CNTs/PDMS) sponges with varying average pore diameters (200 μm and 700 μm) were synthesized using different porogens via a straightforward and reproducible method. Various parameters like gauge factor, hysteresis, stability and response time are calculated and correlated with the pore size. The CNT-PDMS sponge with larger pore diameter exhibited a relative resistance change of -0.67 and a gauge factor of -13 at 5% strain, while the sponge with smaller pore size showed a smaller resistance change of -0.31 and a gauge factor of -6.2 at the same strain level. Larger pores tend to enhance sensitivity, rendering the sensor more responsive to external strain variations. However, this advantage comes at a cost—the compromise of response time. The CNT-PDMS sponge with smaller pore size showed faster response (0.11 s) and recovery (0.14 s) time as compared to the other larger diameter sponge. Striking the right balance between pore size, sensitivity, and response time emerges as a critical consideration for the design of efficient sponge-based PRS sensors. This work is expected to contribute valuable insights for sensor optimization and practical implementation.