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<p>The USDA Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program, the United States' national forest inventory operating since 1928, has undergone two independent Blue Ribbon Panel (BRP) reviews (1991–92, 1997–98) that drove major improvements, including the transition toward a nationally consistent annualized inventory system and integration of forest health monitoring. Today, FIA faces unprecedented demands from data-driven markets, intensifying disturbances, supply chain volatility, and sustainability frameworks requiring verified, frequently updated data at sub-county scales through accessible, open-standards platforms that clearly distinguish between design-based and model-based population estimates. Technological advances in remote sensing, artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), small-area estimation (SAE), and geospatial analysis offer enhanced monitoring opportunities but pose complex challenges in data fusion,&#xa0;analytics, and governance. Non-US entities are accelerating investment in operational forest monitoring infrastructure, integrating satellite Earth observation with ground inventory data and AI-assisted supply-chain verification, creating competitive and regulatory pressure on the US forest sector. This evolving landscape demands a third FIA BRP to chart a path toward a world-leading national forest inventory system addressing SAE, data confidentiality, and AI/ML deployment. Without modernization, the US risks ceding leadership in forest monitoring and undermining the sector's competitive standing in global markets. The US forest sector currently lacks a unified strategic vision to navigate these challenges, perpetuating outdated assumptions regarding technology, governance, and partner coordination. A third FIA BRP would build technical consensus among leading experts and deliver actionable recommendations, enabling agency leaders, policymakers, and partners to ensure that FIA applies the best available technology, provides credible, decision-relevant forest information, and supports science-based digital forest intelligence that meets international market expectations.</p>

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Modernizing America’s National Forest Inventory through a Third Blue Ribbon Panel

  • 期刊论文

  • 发表日期：

    2026年6月26日

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  • Aaron Weiskittel,
  • Dale Hogg,
  • John W. Coulston,
  • Christopher W. Woodall,
  • Holly L. Munro,
  • Hailemariam Temesgen,
  • Timothy Foley,
  • Nathaniel Osborne,
  • Nathaniel Naumann,
  • James Rakestraw,
  • John S. Gunn,
  • Nadia Tase,
  • Amanda Lang,
  • Stephen Prisley,
  • Thomas R. Fox

摘要

The USDA Forest Service's Forest Inventory and Analysis (FIA) program, the United States' national forest inventory operating since 1928, has undergone two independent Blue Ribbon Panel (BRP) reviews (1991–92, 1997–98) that drove major improvements, including the transition toward a nationally consistent annualized inventory system and integration of forest health monitoring. Today, FIA faces unprecedented demands from data-driven markets, intensifying disturbances, supply chain volatility, and sustainability frameworks requiring verified, frequently updated data at sub-county scales through accessible, open-standards platforms that clearly distinguish between design-based and model-based population estimates. Technological advances in remote sensing, artificial intelligence (AI), machine learning (ML), small-area estimation (SAE), and geospatial analysis offer enhanced monitoring opportunities but pose complex challenges in data fusion, analytics, and governance. Non-US entities are accelerating investment in operational forest monitoring infrastructure, integrating satellite Earth observation with ground inventory data and AI-assisted supply-chain verification, creating competitive and regulatory pressure on the US forest sector. This evolving landscape demands a third FIA BRP to chart a path toward a world-leading national forest inventory system addressing SAE, data confidentiality, and AI/ML deployment. Without modernization, the US risks ceding leadership in forest monitoring and undermining the sector's competitive standing in global markets. The US forest sector currently lacks a unified strategic vision to navigate these challenges, perpetuating outdated assumptions regarding technology, governance, and partner coordination. A third FIA BRP would build technical consensus among leading experts and deliver actionable recommendations, enabling agency leaders, policymakers, and partners to ensure that FIA applies the best available technology, provides credible, decision-relevant forest information, and supports science-based digital forest intelligence that meets international market expectations.