Populations of the At-Risk American Bumble Bee, Bombus pensylvanicus (De Geer, 1773), within Southeastern Managed Pine Forests
摘要
The American bumble bee (Bombus pensylvanicus De Geer, 1773) is an ecologically important pollinator species that was once widespread throughout North America in grasslands, forest edges, and other open cover types. Bombus pensylvanicus appears to have had widespread population declines in recent years. While there has been an increased focus on determining conservation needs of B. pensylvanicus across its range, key information gaps remain, including its population status in various forest cover types, including areas managed for wood production. To better understand how this species uses forests, we compiled results from four studies sampling bee communities in managed pine (Pinus spp.) forests in Alabama, Georgia, and Mississippi, USA. Over two years, wild bees were passively sampled using blue vane and blue, yellow, and white pan traps (240 sampling plots; 80 stands × 3 plots per stand). The four studies captured 907 B. pensylvanicus individuals over 415 sampling days and, as compared to other captured bumble bee species, relative abundances of B. pensylvanicus reached ~ 70% in some forest stand stages within the Southeastern Plains ecoregion. These results indicate that B. pensylvanicus use southeastern managed pine forests, particularly young, open canopy stands (~ 0–3 years old) with diverse understory plant communities. Further research is needed to investigate how common forest management practices affect B. pensylvanicus foraging and nesting resources to continue developing and implementing forest management practices that ensure long-term population viability of this at-risk species.