<p>Alterations to the fire regime have contributed to widespread regeneration failure in oak (<i>Quercus</i>) forests of the eastern United States. Our long-term study was initiated in 2010 in southern Indiana to examine how oak reproduction in a dry oak forest responded to shelterwood and midstory treatments followed by a spring prescribed burn. We tracked the survival, height, and resprout response of individual seedlings through time, and tallied overall seedling density pre- and post-treatments. Mixed-effects models and nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) ordination were used to evaluate post-treatment response in 2020 and 2021. Following the burn, monitored oak seedlings had greater survival (&gt; 94%) and resprouting (&gt; 92%) than most competing species, including maple species (<i>Acer</i> spp. ~ 59% survival and resprouting) and white ash (<i>Fraxinus americana</i>; 72% survival and resprouting). White oak (<i>Q. alba</i>) doubled in seedling density after burning and was one of the most abundant species (9,864 stems ha⁻¹) in the regeneration stratum. NMDS ordination indicated that the burn promoted a shift away from mesophytic species towards greater importance of oak species. A shelterwood treatment, followed by single prescribed burn, at our study site has likely produced adequate density of oak reproduction to ensure future dominance by the genus, particularly on less-productive south-facing slopes.</p>