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<p>A range of cropping patterns is practiced in Bangladesh, which is likely to alter soil physical, physico-chemical, and hydraulic properties. To investigate the effects of different cropping patterns on soil physical, physico-chemical, and hydraulic properties, soil samples were collected from an 8-year long-term field experiment conducted in acidic soil during January–February 2024 at Sylhet, Bangladesh. The experiment followed a completely randomized design (CRD) and the tested patterns were: Fallow- Fallow–Rice (Transplanted (T.)-aman, <i>Oryza sativa</i> L.) (F<sub>1</sub>), Legume (<i>Phaseolus vulgaris</i> L.)–Fallow–Rice (T. aman) (F<sub>2</sub>), and Brinjal (<i>Solanum melongena</i> L.)–Fallow–Fallow (F<sub>3</sub>), which are the predominant cropping patterns and all maintained continuously for eight years. The results revealed that bulk density was significantly (<i>p</i> = 0.03) lower (1.11&#xa0;g cm⁻³) in F<sub>2</sub> compared with F<sub>1</sub> (1.25&#xa0;g cm⁻³) and F<sub>3</sub> (1.26&#xa0;g cm⁻³). Soil organic carbon differed significantly among cropping patterns (<i>p</i> &lt; 0.0001), with the following order: F<sub>2</sub> (2.29%) &gt; F<sub>1</sub> (1.60%) &gt; F<sub>3</sub> (1.31%). Saturated hydraulic conductivity (<i>p</i> = 0.0003) and sorptivity (<i>p</i> = 0.0002) were higher in F<sub>2</sub> (0.057&#xa0;mm s⁻¹ and 2.14&#xa0;mm s⁰·⁵, respectively) than in F<sub>1</sub> (0.003&#xa0;mm s⁻¹ and 0.42&#xa0;mm s⁰·⁵, respectively) or F3 (0.005&#xa0;mm s⁻¹ and 0.69&#xa0;mm s⁰·⁵, respectively). Structural stability index (<i>p</i> = 0.03) reached optimal levels in F<sub>2</sub> (9.84), near-optimal in F<sub>1</sub> (8.57), and critical in F<sub>3</sub> (7.00). Overall, the legume-based (F<sub>2</sub>) cropping pattern improved soil physical, physic-chemical and hydraulic properties, indicating enhanced soil aggregation, porosity, and water infiltration. Therefore, replacing fallow periods with legumes can enhance soil health and promote sustainable management of acidic soils in sub-tropical conditions.</p>

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Inclusion of Phaseolus vulgaris in fallow rice systems improves soil physical, physico-chemical and hydraulic properties under acidic sub-tropical conditions in Bangladesh

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月19日

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  • Amdadul Haque Shaon,
  • Md. Shahadat Hossain,
  • Jarin Tasnim,
  • Rasendra Talukder

摘要

A range of cropping patterns is practiced in Bangladesh, which is likely to alter soil physical, physico-chemical, and hydraulic properties. To investigate the effects of different cropping patterns on soil physical, physico-chemical, and hydraulic properties, soil samples were collected from an 8-year long-term field experiment conducted in acidic soil during January–February 2024 at Sylhet, Bangladesh. The experiment followed a completely randomized design (CRD) and the tested patterns were: Fallow- Fallow–Rice (Transplanted (T.)-aman, Oryza sativa L.) (F1), Legume (Phaseolus vulgaris L.)–Fallow–Rice (T. aman) (F2), and Brinjal (Solanum melongena L.)–Fallow–Fallow (F3), which are the predominant cropping patterns and all maintained continuously for eight years. The results revealed that bulk density was significantly (p = 0.03) lower (1.11 g cm⁻³) in F2 compared with F1 (1.25 g cm⁻³) and F3 (1.26 g cm⁻³). Soil organic carbon differed significantly among cropping patterns (p < 0.0001), with the following order: F2 (2.29%) > F1 (1.60%) > F3 (1.31%). Saturated hydraulic conductivity (p = 0.0003) and sorptivity (p = 0.0002) were higher in F2 (0.057 mm s⁻¹ and 2.14 mm s⁰·⁵, respectively) than in F1 (0.003 mm s⁻¹ and 0.42 mm s⁰·⁵, respectively) or F3 (0.005 mm s⁻¹ and 0.69 mm s⁰·⁵, respectively). Structural stability index (p = 0.03) reached optimal levels in F2 (9.84), near-optimal in F1 (8.57), and critical in F3 (7.00). Overall, the legume-based (F2) cropping pattern improved soil physical, physic-chemical and hydraulic properties, indicating enhanced soil aggregation, porosity, and water infiltration. Therefore, replacing fallow periods with legumes can enhance soil health and promote sustainable management of acidic soils in sub-tropical conditions.