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<p>Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in plant biology, serving as essential signalling molecules and agents of cellular damage. Despite considerable focus on their production, similar ROS species often elicit varied effects, indicating that generation alone does not determine signalling specificity. We assert that the intracellular fate of reactive oxygen species is the primary determinant affecting redox signalling outcomes. We propose a sequential framework in which ROS responses are shaped by four interrelated layers: compartmental origin, regulated mobility, local buffering capacity, and sensor-mediated perception. Origin delineates the initial signalling framework, while mobility is constrained by transport mechanisms, including aquaporin-mediated H₂O₂ translocation. The balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) flux and antioxidant capacity, known as the ROS/buffer ratio (RBR), determines whether ROS are neutralized, trigger signalling pathways, or cause oxidative damage. Perception is affected by redox-sensitive proteins, whose reactivity is modulated by their initial redox state (sensor priming). This framework provides a mechanistic basis for context-dependent responses to reactive oxygen species and shifts focus from production to fate-oriented signalling.</p>

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What determines the fate of reactive oxygen species in plant cells?

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月9日

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  • Hariharan Balasubramaniam,
  • Ansar Ali

摘要

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a critical role in plant biology, serving as essential signalling molecules and agents of cellular damage. Despite considerable focus on their production, similar ROS species often elicit varied effects, indicating that generation alone does not determine signalling specificity. We assert that the intracellular fate of reactive oxygen species is the primary determinant affecting redox signalling outcomes. We propose a sequential framework in which ROS responses are shaped by four interrelated layers: compartmental origin, regulated mobility, local buffering capacity, and sensor-mediated perception. Origin delineates the initial signalling framework, while mobility is constrained by transport mechanisms, including aquaporin-mediated H₂O₂ translocation. The balance between reactive oxygen species (ROS) flux and antioxidant capacity, known as the ROS/buffer ratio (RBR), determines whether ROS are neutralized, trigger signalling pathways, or cause oxidative damage. Perception is affected by redox-sensitive proteins, whose reactivity is modulated by their initial redox state (sensor priming). This framework provides a mechanistic basis for context-dependent responses to reactive oxygen species and shifts focus from production to fate-oriented signalling.