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<p>Wheat production in South Asia especially in Bangladesh has been greatly impacted in recent years due to the widespread and concerning catastrophic disease known as wheat blast (WB). Wheat blast mostly damages the wheat panicle, leading to partial or complete bleaching of the panicle and triggering nearly 100% yield loss, in addition to the typical spindle-shaped blast lesions. This disease is caused by a pathogen called <i>Magnaporthe oryzae</i> pathotype <i>Triticum</i> (MoT), which falls under hemi biotrophic ascomycetous fungi. Following its discovery in Brazil in the 1980s, WB, a disease affecting wheat, has since spread to other wheat-producing nations in South America. It has now extended its reach to South Asia and Southern Africa through its pandemic occurrence in Bangladesh and Zambia, facilitated by international wheat commerce and trade. The rapid development, broad host range, and adaptability of MoT have transformed this disease into a highly destructive one. The most important environmental factors for wheat blast outbreaks are rainy, humid weather and rising temperatures during the wheat growing season. However, a limited understanding of this pathogen’s biology, increasing resistance to fungicides and a lack of alternative management measures may pose significant obstacles to control this disease. MoT is genetically more diversified than other blast pathogens which make it more difficult to understand. However, this review study focuses on the growing risks associated with wheat blast incidence, the difficulties farmers face, and the growing discord among wheat blast researchers regarding this disease. Epidemiology, genetic diversity and the nature of infection of MoT are discussed in this review which will allow us to further study about this frightening disease occurrence in Bangladesh and beyond. Along with emerging resistance techniques like CRISPER/Cas9, this study also clarifies current and potential options like cultural, biological, chemical as well as integrated strategies for controlling this terrible disease.</p>

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Epidemiology, genetic diversity and management approaches of wheat blast from South America to South Asia

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年6月23日

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  • Fatema-Tuz-Zohura,
  • Md. Atikur Rahman,
  • Mushfique Arefin Mobin,
  • Islam Hamim,
  • Muhammed Ali Hossain

摘要

Wheat production in South Asia especially in Bangladesh has been greatly impacted in recent years due to the widespread and concerning catastrophic disease known as wheat blast (WB). Wheat blast mostly damages the wheat panicle, leading to partial or complete bleaching of the panicle and triggering nearly 100% yield loss, in addition to the typical spindle-shaped blast lesions. This disease is caused by a pathogen called Magnaporthe oryzae pathotype Triticum (MoT), which falls under hemi biotrophic ascomycetous fungi. Following its discovery in Brazil in the 1980s, WB, a disease affecting wheat, has since spread to other wheat-producing nations in South America. It has now extended its reach to South Asia and Southern Africa through its pandemic occurrence in Bangladesh and Zambia, facilitated by international wheat commerce and trade. The rapid development, broad host range, and adaptability of MoT have transformed this disease into a highly destructive one. The most important environmental factors for wheat blast outbreaks are rainy, humid weather and rising temperatures during the wheat growing season. However, a limited understanding of this pathogen’s biology, increasing resistance to fungicides and a lack of alternative management measures may pose significant obstacles to control this disease. MoT is genetically more diversified than other blast pathogens which make it more difficult to understand. However, this review study focuses on the growing risks associated with wheat blast incidence, the difficulties farmers face, and the growing discord among wheat blast researchers regarding this disease. Epidemiology, genetic diversity and the nature of infection of MoT are discussed in this review which will allow us to further study about this frightening disease occurrence in Bangladesh and beyond. Along with emerging resistance techniques like CRISPER/Cas9, this study also clarifies current and potential options like cultural, biological, chemical as well as integrated strategies for controlling this terrible disease.