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<p><i>Capparis spinosa L.,</i> is a perennial shrub known for its medicinal and nutritional properties. This study analyzed the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of ethanolic extracts from its leaves and stem. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were measured colorimetrically, while antioxidant potential was evaluated through DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging, and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays. The leaves had higher phenolic (17.27&#xa0;mg GAE/g dry weight) and flavonoid (3.8&#xa0;mg CE/g dry weight) contents than the stem (11.1&#xa0;mg GAE/g and 2.3&#xa0;mg CE/g, respectively). Additionally, the leaves showed stronger antioxidant activity, with lower IC<sub>50</sub> values in DPPH (36&#xa0;µg/mL) and ABTS (7.4&#xa0;µg/mL) assays. The ferric reducing antioxidant power was expressed as Trolox Equivalents (TE), with the leaves exhibiting significantly higher antioxidant potential (1.76&#xa0;μmol TE/g) compared to the stem (0.7&#xa0;μmol TE/g). GC–MS analysis identified bioactive compounds such as n-Hexadecanoic acid and Octadecanoic acid. Enzymatic assays revealed varying catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase activities between the leaves and stem, indicating their roles in plant defense. The study concludes that <i>C. spinosa</i> leaves offer greater antioxidant potential, making them valuable for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and nutritional applications.</p>

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Exploring the bioactive compounds in Capparis spinosa: antioxidant activities and enzymatic assays

  • 期刊论文

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年4月28日

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  • Yaaser Q. Almulaiky

摘要

Capparis spinosa L., is a perennial shrub known for its medicinal and nutritional properties. This study analyzed the phytochemical composition and antioxidant activity of ethanolic extracts from its leaves and stem. Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were measured colorimetrically, while antioxidant potential was evaluated through DPPH, ABTS radical scavenging, and ferric reducing antioxidant power assays. The leaves had higher phenolic (17.27 mg GAE/g dry weight) and flavonoid (3.8 mg CE/g dry weight) contents than the stem (11.1 mg GAE/g and 2.3 mg CE/g, respectively). Additionally, the leaves showed stronger antioxidant activity, with lower IC50 values in DPPH (36 µg/mL) and ABTS (7.4 µg/mL) assays. The ferric reducing antioxidant power was expressed as Trolox Equivalents (TE), with the leaves exhibiting significantly higher antioxidant potential (1.76 μmol TE/g) compared to the stem (0.7 μmol TE/g). GC–MS analysis identified bioactive compounds such as n-Hexadecanoic acid and Octadecanoic acid. Enzymatic assays revealed varying catalase, peroxidase, and polyphenol oxidase activities between the leaves and stem, indicating their roles in plant defense. The study concludes that C. spinosa leaves offer greater antioxidant potential, making them valuable for pharmaceutical, cosmetic, and nutritional applications.