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<p>A significant influx of interest has been directed towards pyridine-based derivatives as scaffold-building blocks in the discovery of immunomodulatory drugs, owing to their structural flexibility, electronic tunability, and metabolic stability. The pyridine nucleus in heteroaromatic compounds enables the rational design of compounds that can regulate several immune-related pathways. This review supports the immunomodulatory case of pyridine scaffolds in four major mechanisms: cytokine modulation, signal transduction inhibition, T and B-cell activity mediation, and cell proliferation inhibition. The derivatives of pyridines are successful in controlling pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-8 and IL -17, down-regulating immune cell activation, chemotaxis, and adhesion. Moreover, they have effects on important intracellular signalling pathways. One of the most remarkable characteristics of pyridine-based agents is the possibility to control leukocyte movement with the help of chemokine pathways regulation, including the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis, to achieve the positive or negative stimulation of immune surveillance or the prevention of pathological inflammation. Due to their synthetic flexibility and multi-target effects, pyridine derivatives exhibit biomedical implications in autoimmune conditions, cancer as well as infectious pathologies. These properties, together, render pyridine-based scaffolds as useful platforms that can support the development of next-generation context-dependent immunomodulatory therapeutics.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Pyridine-based derivatives as emerging scaffolds for immunomodulatory drug development

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

    开放获取

  • 发表日期：

    2026年7月12日

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  • Saurav Kr. Talukdar,
  • Rajdeep Bhuyan,
  • Tanmoy Das,
  • Supratim Talukdar,
  • Debaprotim Dasgupta,
  • Bhargabjyoti Saharia,
  • Apurba Taukdar,
  • Pooja Patowary,
  • Akramul Ansary,
  • Muslek Uddin Mazumdar,
  • Deijy Choudhury

摘要

A significant influx of interest has been directed towards pyridine-based derivatives as scaffold-building blocks in the discovery of immunomodulatory drugs, owing to their structural flexibility, electronic tunability, and metabolic stability. The pyridine nucleus in heteroaromatic compounds enables the rational design of compounds that can regulate several immune-related pathways. This review supports the immunomodulatory case of pyridine scaffolds in four major mechanisms: cytokine modulation, signal transduction inhibition, T and B-cell activity mediation, and cell proliferation inhibition. The derivatives of pyridines are successful in controlling pro-inflammatory cytokines, including IL-8 and IL -17, down-regulating immune cell activation, chemotaxis, and adhesion. Moreover, they have effects on important intracellular signalling pathways. One of the most remarkable characteristics of pyridine-based agents is the possibility to control leukocyte movement with the help of chemokine pathways regulation, including the CXCL12-CXCR4 axis, to achieve the positive or negative stimulation of immune surveillance or the prevention of pathological inflammation. Due to their synthetic flexibility and multi-target effects, pyridine derivatives exhibit biomedical implications in autoimmune conditions, cancer as well as infectious pathologies. These properties, together, render pyridine-based scaffolds as useful platforms that can support the development of next-generation context-dependent immunomodulatory therapeutics.

Graphical Abstract