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<p>In this study, ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using the aqueous seed extract of <i>Bixa orellana</i>, and a comparative analysis was conducted between glucose-capped ZnO nanoparticles (GC-ZnO NPs) and uncapped ZnO nanoparticles (UC-ZnO NPs). Unlike previous studies, which primarily focus on the green synthesis of ZnO NPs, this work uniquely investigates the impact of glucose capping on nanoparticle stability, agglomeration control, and bioactivity. Characterization techniques, including UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, FESEM, DLS, and XRD, were employed to assess the structural and optical properties of the nanoparticles. Glucose capping resulted in a shift of the UV–Vis absorption peak from 231&#xa0;nm in UC-ZnO NPs to 228&#xa0;nm in the GC-ZnO NPs, indicating a reduction in particle size. Morphological analysis revealed that GC-ZnO NPs exhibited reduced agglomeration, with an average size of 73&#xa0;nm compared to 101&#xa0;nm for UC-ZnO NPs. Zeta potential measurements confirmed enhanced stability for GC-ZnO NPs (−20.1&#xa0;mV), while FTIR and XRD data supported the structural modifications induced by glucose capping. Biological assays demonstrated that GC-ZnO NPs displayed higher antioxidant activity, with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 139&#xa0;μg/mL for DPPH scavenging compared to 142&#xa0;μg/mL for UC-ZnO NPs. Additionally, GC-ZnO NPs exhibited superior α-amylase inhibition activity, with an IC<sub>50</sub> value of 640.4&#xa0;µg/mL compared to 651.3&#xa0;µg/mL for UC-ZnO NPs. These findings suggest that glucose capping enhances stability, reduces agglomeration, and improves the bioactivity of ZnO nanoparticles, underscoring their potential for biomedical applications.</p> Graphical Abstract <p></p>

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Role of glucose bioencapsulation in modulating the antioxidant and enzymatic activity of ZnO nanoparticles synthesized via Bixa orellana seeds

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年10月12日

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  • Shruti Anand,
  • Avni Nayyar,
  • Manaal Zahera,
  • Prachi Singh,
  • Farzana Mahdi,
  • Archna Talwar

摘要

In this study, ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized using the aqueous seed extract of Bixa orellana, and a comparative analysis was conducted between glucose-capped ZnO nanoparticles (GC-ZnO NPs) and uncapped ZnO nanoparticles (UC-ZnO NPs). Unlike previous studies, which primarily focus on the green synthesis of ZnO NPs, this work uniquely investigates the impact of glucose capping on nanoparticle stability, agglomeration control, and bioactivity. Characterization techniques, including UV–Vis spectroscopy, FTIR spectroscopy, FESEM, DLS, and XRD, were employed to assess the structural and optical properties of the nanoparticles. Glucose capping resulted in a shift of the UV–Vis absorption peak from 231 nm in UC-ZnO NPs to 228 nm in the GC-ZnO NPs, indicating a reduction in particle size. Morphological analysis revealed that GC-ZnO NPs exhibited reduced agglomeration, with an average size of 73 nm compared to 101 nm for UC-ZnO NPs. Zeta potential measurements confirmed enhanced stability for GC-ZnO NPs (−20.1 mV), while FTIR and XRD data supported the structural modifications induced by glucose capping. Biological assays demonstrated that GC-ZnO NPs displayed higher antioxidant activity, with an IC50 value of 139 μg/mL for DPPH scavenging compared to 142 μg/mL for UC-ZnO NPs. Additionally, GC-ZnO NPs exhibited superior α-amylase inhibition activity, with an IC50 value of 640.4 µg/mL compared to 651.3 µg/mL for UC-ZnO NPs. These findings suggest that glucose capping enhances stability, reduces agglomeration, and improves the bioactivity of ZnO nanoparticles, underscoring their potential for biomedical applications.

Graphical Abstract