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<p>The Kashmir loach, <i>Triplophysa marmorata</i> (Heckel, 1838), belonging to the family Balitoridae, is a freshwater fish inhabiting fast-flowing cold streams, rivers and lakes of the Kashmir Himalaya. Despite its ecological and nutritional importance, information on its reproductive biology is scarce. The present study investigated key reproductive characteristics of <i>T. marmorata</i> from the River Lidder and River Sindhs, Kashmir Himalaya, including sex ratio, gonadosomatic index (GSI), fecundity and length at first maturity (L<sub>m</sub>). A total of 180 specimens were collected between December 2023 and May 2024. The total length of specimens ranged from 74.27 to 132.1&#xa0;mm with corresponding body weights of 8.22–17.43&#xa0;g. The overall sex ratio was 1:0.7 (male: female), indicating significant male dominance. Maximum GSI values were recorded in January, with peak values of 1.97 in males and 19.65 in females, suggesting winter spawning. Absolute fecundity ranged from 396 to 8,546 eggs, while relative fecundity varied between 39.43 and 814.18 ova per gram body weight. Mean absolute fecundity was 2,633.30 ± 381.27 eggs and mean relative fecundity was 237.84 ± 32.87 ova per gram body weight. The length at first maturity (L<sub>m</sub>) for females was estimated at 95&#xa0;mm total length. This study provides the first detailed account of the reproductive biology of <i>T. marmorata</i> from Kashmir, generating baseline information essential for sustainable exploitation and conservation of this indigenous fish species.</p>

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Reproductive biology of the Himalayan loach (Triplophysa marmorata (Heckel, 1838) in hill streams of the Kashmir Valley

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2026年5月27日

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  • Muzhib Maqbool,
  • Farooz Ahmad Bhat,
  • Tasaduq H. Shah,
  • Ishrat Mohd,
  • Mansoor Ahmad Rather,
  • Bilal Ahmad Bhat,
  • Darvae Sabina Iqbal

摘要

The Kashmir loach, Triplophysa marmorata (Heckel, 1838), belonging to the family Balitoridae, is a freshwater fish inhabiting fast-flowing cold streams, rivers and lakes of the Kashmir Himalaya. Despite its ecological and nutritional importance, information on its reproductive biology is scarce. The present study investigated key reproductive characteristics of T. marmorata from the River Lidder and River Sindhs, Kashmir Himalaya, including sex ratio, gonadosomatic index (GSI), fecundity and length at first maturity (Lm). A total of 180 specimens were collected between December 2023 and May 2024. The total length of specimens ranged from 74.27 to 132.1 mm with corresponding body weights of 8.22–17.43 g. The overall sex ratio was 1:0.7 (male: female), indicating significant male dominance. Maximum GSI values were recorded in January, with peak values of 1.97 in males and 19.65 in females, suggesting winter spawning. Absolute fecundity ranged from 396 to 8,546 eggs, while relative fecundity varied between 39.43 and 814.18 ova per gram body weight. Mean absolute fecundity was 2,633.30 ± 381.27 eggs and mean relative fecundity was 237.84 ± 32.87 ova per gram body weight. The length at first maturity (Lm) for females was estimated at 95 mm total length. This study provides the first detailed account of the reproductive biology of T. marmorata from Kashmir, generating baseline information essential for sustainable exploitation and conservation of this indigenous fish species.