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Background <p>The emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria and the spread of resistance genes, particularly within aquaculture, pose significant One Health challenges. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> and <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i>, two significant human pathogens, in Tilapia (<i>Oreochromis niloticus</i>) and Rui (<i>Labeo rohita</i>) fish collected from various markets in Dhaka.</p> Methods <p>Twenty-six pooled samples of Tilapia and Rui gut (<i>n</i> = 10), scale (<i>n</i> = 6), and fish tank water (<i>n</i> = 10) water were collected from fish markets in various areas of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Bacterial isolates were identified through selective agar streaking and biochemical test (VITEK<sup>®</sup>2), and confirmed by PCR using species-specific oligonucleotides. The antibiotic sensitivity of <i>Vibrio cholerae</i> and <i>Vibrio parahaemolyticus</i> was assessed against 11 aquaculture antibiotics using the disk diffusion method, following CLSI guidelines.</p> Result <p><i>V. cholerae</i> was detected in 100% of Tilapia samples and 92.3% of Rui samples, <i>while V. parahaemolyticus</i> was found in 92.3% of both fish types. Both bacteria were present in 100% of scale samples and 90% of gut samples. In fish tank water, <i>V. cholerae</i> was detected in 100% of samples, while <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> appeared in 90%. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed <i>V. cholerae</i> had the highest resistance to Aztreonam (24%) and Ciprofloxacin (20%), with the highest sensitivity to Gentamicin and Ceftriaxone (96%). <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> exhibited the highest resistance to Tetracycline (33.3%) and Ceftriaxone/Aztreonam (29.2% each), with the highest sensitivity to Gentamicin and Kanamycin (92% each). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was observed in 12% of <i>V. cholerae</i> and 37.5% of <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i>, with 4.16% of the latter showing extreme drug resistance (XDR).</p> Conclusion <p>This study detailed the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of <i>V. cholerae</i> and <i>V. parahaemolyticus</i> isolated from Tilapia and Rui fish samples collected from various fish markets in Dhaka. The findings suggest that these fish may serve as significant reservoirs for these bacteria, posing potential health risks to humans and aquatic life, underscoring a critical One Health concern.</p>

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Prevalence and antibiotic resistance patterns of Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus isolated from common fish of retail markets in Dhaka, Bangladesh

  • 期刊论文

  • 出版模式：

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  • 发表日期：

    2025年9月28日

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  • Tahmina Sultana,
  • Abu Bakkar Siddique,
  • Sonia Akther,
  • Shihab Ahmed,
  • Md. Niamul Shahadat,
  • Md Baki Billah,
  • Md Hafizur Rahman

摘要

Background

The emergence of multidrug resistant bacteria and the spread of resistance genes, particularly within aquaculture, pose significant One Health challenges. This study aimed to examine the prevalence of Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus, two significant human pathogens, in Tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) and Rui (Labeo rohita) fish collected from various markets in Dhaka.

Methods

Twenty-six pooled samples of Tilapia and Rui gut (n = 10), scale (n = 6), and fish tank water (n = 10) water were collected from fish markets in various areas of Dhaka, Bangladesh. Bacterial isolates were identified through selective agar streaking and biochemical test (VITEK®2), and confirmed by PCR using species-specific oligonucleotides. The antibiotic sensitivity of Vibrio cholerae and Vibrio parahaemolyticus was assessed against 11 aquaculture antibiotics using the disk diffusion method, following CLSI guidelines.

Result

V. cholerae was detected in 100% of Tilapia samples and 92.3% of Rui samples, while V. parahaemolyticus was found in 92.3% of both fish types. Both bacteria were present in 100% of scale samples and 90% of gut samples. In fish tank water, V. cholerae was detected in 100% of samples, while V. parahaemolyticus appeared in 90%. Antibiotic susceptibility testing showed V. cholerae had the highest resistance to Aztreonam (24%) and Ciprofloxacin (20%), with the highest sensitivity to Gentamicin and Ceftriaxone (96%). V. parahaemolyticus exhibited the highest resistance to Tetracycline (33.3%) and Ceftriaxone/Aztreonam (29.2% each), with the highest sensitivity to Gentamicin and Kanamycin (92% each). Multidrug resistance (MDR) was observed in 12% of V. cholerae and 37.5% of V. parahaemolyticus, with 4.16% of the latter showing extreme drug resistance (XDR).

Conclusion

This study detailed the antibiotic susceptibility patterns of V. cholerae and V. parahaemolyticus isolated from Tilapia and Rui fish samples collected from various fish markets in Dhaka. The findings suggest that these fish may serve as significant reservoirs for these bacteria, posing potential health risks to humans and aquatic life, underscoring a critical One Health concern.